Abstract: With the arrival of "Internet plus" era and the popularization of new technologies including big data and cloud computing, how to effectively grasp the opportunity and cope with the challenge has become the concerned issue for libraries in new think-tank construction. This paper analyzed the opportunities and challenges of new think-tank construction of library in the background of "Internet plus Big Data", based on the role orientation, explored the effective path for new think-tank construction. The library should grasp this rare historical opportunity, effectively deal with severe challenges, fulfill the duty of traditional information service, and intensify the building of new think-tank, so as to truly play its own information service function.