算法时代图书馆面向科学数据知识产权服务质量的影响因素与优化策略

doi:10.13998/j.cnki.issn1002-1248.23-0483

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的/意义]进入到大数据推荐时代,图书馆的信息呈现渠道从线下实体转向线上数字化,在此过程中科学数据的使用频次呈现出指数级增长。本研究旨在分析科学数据的知识产权的服务保障影响数字图书馆发展的内在机理。[方法/过程]以问卷调查法为基础,对高知群体进行问卷调查。采用问卷调查法调研获得样本252份有效样本,并利用验证性因子进行分析检验,发现问卷各因子信度介于0.724~0.913之间,问卷通过验证性因子分析检验证明具备较好效度。[结果/结论]政策法规落实效率、人才队伍建设、数据管理技术、服务模式多样化、数据产权共享协议数量5类因素均会显著正向影响科学数据知识产权服务,基于此为图书馆在科学数据知识产权服务领域提出5项优化策略。

关键词: 算法时代, 科学数据, 知识产权, 人才队伍建设, 服务质量

Abstract: [Purpose/Significance] With the advent of the algorithmic era, libraries' information delivery channels have shifted from offline physical entities to online digital platforms. This transformation has brought about significant changes in the way users access and utilize scientific data. The frequency of use of scientific data has increased exponentially, as more and more users rely on data to support their research, education, and innovation activities. The huge demand and application of use of data poses challenges to the development of libraries, among which the service guarantee of intellectual property rights (IPR) for scientific data is becoming a key factor affecting the development of digital libraries. IPR is a legal concept that protects the ownership and control of data creators and providers over their data. It also regulates the rights and obligations of data users and re-users. Therefore, this study aims to explore the influencing factors and optimization strategies of libraries' IPR service quality for scientific data. [Method/Process] To achieve this goal, this study used a questionnaire analysis method to collect data from a sample of 252 individuals belonging to a highly knowledgeable group, such as researchers, academics, and students. These individuals are the main users and producers of scientific data, and their perceptions and expectations of the quality of IPR services by libraries are crucial for improving the service. The questionnaire consists of four parts: demographic information, IPR awareness, IPR satisfaction, and IPR improvement suggestions. The reliability of the questionnaire factors is between 0.724 and 0.913, indicating a high level of internal consistency. The validity of the questionnaire is verified by confirmatory factor analysis, which shows a good fit between the data and the model. Based on the data, this study conducts a path analysis to test the hypotheses and obtain the results. [Results/Conclusions] The results show that the following factors have a significant positive impact on the quality of libraries' IPR services for scientific data: the implementation efficiency of policies and regulations (beta=0.326, p<0.001), talent team building (beta=0.274, p<0.001), the data management technology (beta=0.211, p<0.001), the diversification of service models (beta=0.358, p<0.001), and the number of data IPR sharing agreements (beta=0.329, p<0.001). These factors reflect the importance of improving the legal, human, technical, and organizational aspects of libraries' scientific data IPR services. Based on the findings, this study proposes five optimization strategies for libraries in scientific data IPR service: strengthening the implementation of policies and regulations, improving the training and motivation of talent teams, upgrading the data management technology, innovating the service model, and increasing the number of data IPR sharing agreements. These strategies can help libraries to improve the quality of their scientific data IPR services and meet the needs of the users in the algorithmic era.

Key words: algorithmic era, scientific data, intellectual property rights, talent team construction, service quality

中图分类号:

G251

徐悦, 郗子捷, 潘超. 算法时代图书馆面向科学数据知识产权服务质量的影响因素与优化策略[J]. 农业图书情报学报, 2023, 35(11): 23-39.

XU Yue, XI Zijie, PAN Chao. Intellectual Property Protection of Scientific Data in the Algorithm Era: Factors Influencing Service Quality and Optimization Strategies[J]. Journal of Library and Information Science in Agriculture, 2023, 35(11): 23-39.

参考文献

[1] 杨宁, 张志强. 科学大数据时代数字图书馆的新定位与新挑战——第十六届数字图书馆前沿问题高级研讨班综述[J]. 图书与情报, 2020(1): 127-135.
YANG N, ZHANG Z Q.The new position and challenge of digital library in scientific big data era-Postscript on the 16th advanced digital library seminar[J]. Library & information, 2020(1): 127-135.
[2] 王静, 宋迎法, 李新春. 算法时代智慧图书馆协同治理的智能技术融合机制研究[J]. 图书馆, 2020(1): 53-58, 87.
WANG J, SONG Y F, LI X C.Research on intelligent technology fusion mechanism in cooperative governance of smart library in algorithmic era[J]. Library, 2020(1): 53-58, 87.
[3] 陆康, 刘慧, 张相学, 等. “社会5.0” 时代我国智慧图书馆数据风险治理研究[J]. 图书馆, 2023(4): 22-27.
LU K, LIU H, ZHANG X X, et al.Research on data risk governance of smart libraries in China in the era of "society 5.0"[J]. Library, 2023(4): 22-27.
[4] CHAKRABORTY T, BHATIA S, CARAGEA C.Special section on mining knowledge from scientific data[J]. Expert systems, 2021, 38(4): e12710.
[5] LIN H C.Vertical innovation, foreign direct investment, and asymmetric imitation: A welfare analysis of intellectual property protection[J]. Southern economic journal, 2021, 88(2): 789-827.
[6] 葛晓丽. 算法时代信息传播伦理问题研究[D]. 南京: 南京师范大学, 2019.
GE X L.Research on ethical issues of information dissemination in algorithm era[D].Nanjing: Nanjing Normal University, 2019.
[7] 杜贺, 李楚玲, 赵盼盼, 等. “大数据”对传统媒体新闻生产模式的重构[J]. 2016(1): 66-78.
DU H, LI C L, ZHAO P P, et al.The reconstruction of traditional media news production mode by "big data"[J]. 2016(1): 66-78.
[8] RASHID M R, UZZAMAN N, HOSSAIN S, et al.Development of a self-navigating algorithm for library book finder robot[C]//2017 3rd International Conference on Electrical Information and Communication Technology (EICT). Piscataway, New Jersey: IEEE, 2017: 1-6.
[9] TSUJI K, YOSHIKANE F, SATO S, et al.Book recommendation using machine learning methods based on library loan records and biblio-graphic information[C]//2014 IIAI 3rd International Conference on Advanced Applied Informatics. Piscataway, New Jersey: IEEE, 2014: 76-79.
[10] A big data smart library recommender system for an educational institution[J]. Library hi tech, 2018, 36(3): 498-523.
[11] XU B J, RECKER M.Teaching analytics: A clustering and triangulation study of digital library user data[J]. Educational technology & society, 2012, 15(3): 103-115.
[12] 何胜, 冯新翎, 武群辉, 等. 基于用户行为建模和大数据挖掘的图书馆个性化服务研究[J]. 图书情报工作, 2017, 61(1): 40-46.
HE S, FENG X L, WU Q H, et al.Research on personalized services of library based on user behavior modeling and big data mining[J]. Library and information service, 2017, 61(1): 40-46.
[13] 薛燕, 朱学芳. 基于改进加密算法的云计算用户隐私保护研究[J]. 情报科学, 2016, 34(9): 145-149.
XUE Y, ZHU X F.Research on improved encryption algorithm for privacy-preserving problems under cloud computing environment[J]. Information science, 2016, 34(9): 145-149.
[14] 温钊健. OCLC Worldcat云计算数字图书馆模型[J]. 图书情报工作, 2012, 56(15): 54-60.
WEN Z J.Model of OCLC worldcat cloud computing digital library[J]. Library and information service, 2012, 56(15): 54-60.
[15] 李晓辉. 图书馆科研数据管理与服务模式探讨[J]. 中国图书馆学报, 2011, 37(5): 46-52.
LI X H.Research data management and service pattern in libraries[J]. Journal of library science in China, 2011, 37(5): 46-52.
[16] 熊易. 国际开放科学数据实证资源及利用研究[J]. 图书馆理论与实践, 2016(1): 12-14.
XIONG Y.Empirical resources and utilization of international open science data[J]. Library theory and practice, 2016(1): 12-14.
[17] 陈书贤, 刘桂锋, 刘琼. 国内外科学数据管理FAIR原则研究进展及应用综述[J]. 农业图书情报学报, 2022, 34(8): 30-41.
CHEN S X, LIU G F, LIU Q.Research progress and implementation of FAIR principles for scientific data management[J]. Journal of library and information science in agriculture, 2022, 34(8): 30-41.
[18] 王丽萍, 杨波, 秦霞, 等. 高校图书馆专利信息服务内容、模式与趋势[J]. 图书情报工作, 2015, 59(6): 113-119.
WANG L P, YANG B, QIN X, et al.The contents, models and trends of patent information service in university libraries[J]. Library and information service, 2015, 59(6): 113-119.
[19] 杨利超. 图书馆员科学数据素养能力框架与发展策略研究[J]. 图书馆理论与实践, 2018(9): 90-95.
YANG L C.Research on the ability framework and development strategy of librarian scientific data literacy[J]. Library theory and practice, 2018(9): 90-95.
[20] 罗文馨, 刘秀文, 王怡玫. 面向知识产权全流程的高校图书馆在线服务探索——以北京大学知识产权信息服务平台为例[J]. 图书馆学研究, 2023(2): 67-75.
LUO W X, LIU X W, WANG Y M.Exploration of online services in university libraries for the whole process of intellectual property rights-A case study of the intellectual property information service platform of Peking university[J]. Research on library science, 2023(2): 67-75.
[21] 陆颖, 胡佳琪, 张雅婷, 等. 基于科学数据传播过程中的不同利益相关者的图书馆数据服务体系研究[J]. 大学图书馆学报, 2021, 39(4): 63-72.
LU Y, HU J Q, ZHANG Y T, et al.Research on library data service system of different stakeholders based on the dissemination of scientific data[J]. Journal of academic libraries, 2021, 39(4): 63-72.
[22] 吴丹, 许浩. “以人为本” 的数据科学教育:图书情报学科的新发展[J]. 图书情报知识, 2021, 38(6): 12-20.
WU D, XU H.Human-centered data science education: New development of library and information science[J]. Documentation, information & knowledge, 2021, 38(6): 12-20.
[23] 张立频. 自助式知识产权信息服务研究[D]. 武汉: 武汉大学, 2005.
ZHANG L P.Research on self-service intellectual property information service[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University, 2005.
[24] 孙山. 法益保护说视角下知识产权法的概念还原与体系整合[J]. 浙江学刊, 2021(4): 85-94.
SUN S.The concept restoration and system integration of intellectual property law from the perspective of legal interest protection theory[J]. Zhejiang academic journal, 2021(4): 85-94.
[25] 都平平, 李雨珂, 张雪媛. 我国《科学数据管理办法》中概念视角数据域范畴与管理边界研究[J]. 图书馆杂志, 2022, 41(4): 96-105, 114.
DU P P, LI Y K, ZHANG X Y.Research on conceptual domain and management boundary of data set in China's measures for scientific data management[J]. Library journal, 2022, 41(4): 96-105, 114.
[26] 郭建. 从“特殊权利” 到反不正当竞争法保护——我国数据库法律保护模式的现实选择[J]. 西北第二民族学院学报(哲学社会科学版), 2005(3): 92-97.
GUO J.The legal protection of database by the anti-improper competition law[J]. Journal of the second northwest institute for ethnic minorities, 2005(3): 92-97.
[27] 张更平, 陈红艺, 陈静, 等. 高校图书馆专利信息服务能力影响因素研究[J]. 图书馆学研究, 2022(3): 41-51.
ZHANG G P, CHEN H Y, CHEN J, et al.A research of the factors of patent information service capability of academic libraries[J]. Research on library science, 2022(3): 41-51.
[28] 张善杰, 陈伟炯, 袁倩, 等. 面向产业技术创新的高校图书馆专利信息服务体系构建[J]. 情报科学, 2021, 39(4): 75-84.
ZHANG S J, CHEN W J, YUAN Q, et al.Construction of patent information service system of university libraries for industrial technology innovation[J]. Information science, 2021, 39(4): 75-84.
[29] 曾金晶, 刘田, 张锐. 面向专利供应链的高校图书馆专利信息服务策略[J]. 农业图书情报学报, 2021, 33(5): 40-50.
ZENG J J, LIU T, ZHANG R.Patent information service strategies of academic libraries oriented to patent supply chain[J]. Journal of library and information science in agriculture, 2021, 33(5): 40-50.
[30] 鲍志彦, 赵乃瑫. 大数据视阈下的高校专利信息服务模式构建与应用研究[J]. 情报理论与实践, 2020, 43(3): 111-115.
BAO Z Y, ZHAO N X.Construction and application of patent information service mode in university from the perspective of big data[J]. Information studies: Theory & application, 2020, 43(3): 111-115.
[31] 吴凤君, 顾鸿鹄. 数据驱动下高校图书馆专利信息精准服务模式与对策研究[J]. 情报科学, 2022, 40(4): 49-55.
WU F J, GU H H.The accurate service mode and countermeasures of patent information in university library driven by data[J]. Information science, 2022, 40(4): 49-55.
[32] 刘佳, 邵诗雅, 彭鹏. 科技信息服务生态系统健康评价体系构建与实证研究[J]. 图书情报工作, 2018, 62(11): 88-96.
LIU J, SHAO S Y, PENG P.Health assessment system construction and empirical research on the science and technology information service ecosystem[J]. Library and information service, 2018, 62(11): 88-96.
[33] 汪雪锋, 王兴璐, 师擎, 等. 知识产权服务质量评价体系构建思考[J]. 电子科技大学学报(社科版), 2019, 21(3): 24-30.
WANG X F, WANG X L, SHI Q, et al.Thoughts on the construction of intellectual property service quality evaluation system[J]. Journal of university of electronic science and technology of China (social sciences edition), 2019, 21(3): 24-30.
[34] 严令耕, 申俊龙, 魏鲁霞. 高校图书馆与专利代理机构提高知识产权服务质量协作模式研究[J]. 图书馆研究与工作, 2021(10): 32-35, 45.
YAN L G, SHEN J L, WEI L X.Research on the cooperation model of intellectual property services in university libraries and patent agencies[J]. Library science research & work, 2021(10): 32-35, 45.
[35] 冯占英, 陈锐, 姚敏, 等. 新时代图书馆文献资源共建共享的挑战与机遇[J]. 中华医学图书情报杂志, 2020, 29(8): 62-65.
FENG Z Y, CHEN R, YAO M, et al.Challenges and opportunities for co-development and sharing of literature resources in library of our age[J]. Chinese journal of medical library and information science, 2020, 29(8): 62-65.
[36] 刘闯, 王正兴. 美国全球变化数据共享的经历对我国数据共享决策的启示[J]. 地球科学进展, 2002, 17(1): 151-157.
LIU C, WANG Z X.The experience of u.s. global change data and information sharing and its indication to China[J]. Advance in earth sciences, 2002, 17(1): 151-157.
[37] 段美珍, 初景利, 张冬荣, 等. “双一流” 高校智慧图书馆建设现状调查与分析[J]. 图书馆论坛, 2022, 42(1): 91-101.
DUAN M Z, CHU J L, ZHANG D R, et al.On the current situations of smart library development in Chinese "double first-class" universities[J]. Library tribune, 2022, 42(1): 91-101.
[38] 曾频, 高飞, 宁璐. 基于RFID技术的图书馆管理系统的分析与评价[J]. 图书情报工作, 2013, 57(9): 75-79.
ZENG P, GAO F, NING L.Analysis and evaluation of library management system based on RFID[J]. Library and information service, 2013, 57(9): 75-79.
[39] 郭亚军, 袁一鸣, 张腾飞. 元宇宙场域下用户信息交互生态机制研究[J]. 农业图书情报学报, 2022, 34(6): 4-13.
GUO Y J, YUAN Y M, ZHANG T F.Ecological mechanism of user information interaction in the metaverse environment[J]. Journal of library and information science in agriculture, 2022, 34(6): 4-13.
[40] 叶兰. 高校图书馆科学数据管理服务能力成熟度模型构建与应用研究[J]. 图书情报工作, 2022, 66(6): 3-14.
YE L.Research on the construction and application of the service capability maturity model for research data management in university libraries[J]. Library and information service, 2022, 66(6): 3-14.
[41] 张浩, 张吉, 徐华, 等. 学术性图书馆创新型馆员队伍建设探索实践——以上海交通大学图书馆为例[J]. 大学图书馆学报, 2023, 41(2): 5-12.
ZHANG H, ZHANG J, XU H, et al.The practice of innovative librarian team construction in academic libraries-Taking Shanghai Jiao Tong university library as an example[J]. Journal of academic libraries, 2023, 41(2): 5-12.
[42] 刘旭晖. 大学生移动阅读行为现状与高校图书馆服务研究——基于技术接受模型的实证分析[J]. 图书馆学研究, 2021(16): 82-95.
LIU X H.Research on the current mobile reading behavior of college students and the service of college library-An empirical analysis based on the technology acceptance model[J]. Research on library science, 2021(16): 82-95.
[43] 陈莉莉. 公共图书馆信息素养教育多元化服务模式研究[J]. 图书馆工作与研究, 2021(11): 5-10.
CHEN L L.Research on diversified service model of information literacy education in public library[J]. Library work and study, 2021(11): 5-10.
[44] 李剑, 赵黎黎, 林静, 等. 面向科研的高校图书馆知识产权信息服务研究[J]. 情报科学, 2021, 39(10): 56-62.
LI J, ZHAO L L, LIN J, et al.Exploration of university library's intellectual property information services oriented to scientific research[J]. Information science, 2021, 39(10): 56-62.
[45] 陈慧琪, 吕源, 刘敏榕. 高校学科馆员知识产权信息服务线上培训质量研究——基于FULink联盟馆员调研数据[J]. 图书情报工作, 2021, 65(21): 76-83.
CHEN H Q, Lü Y, LIU M R.Research on online training quality of intellectual property information services for subject librarians in universities-Based on data from FULink alliance librarians[J]. Library and information service, 2021, 65(21): 76-83.
[46] 苏瑞竹, 张轲. 基于情境感知的高校图书馆个性化服务模式研究[J]. 图书馆工作与研究, 2022(7): 5-12.
SU R Z, ZHANG K.Research on personalized service mode of university library based on situational awareness[J]. Library work and study, 2022(7): 5-12.
[47] 晁蓉, 黄筱玲, 周郁. 高校图书馆知识产权信息服务供给模式研究——基于技术创新需求的视角[J]. 图书馆工作与研究, 2021(5): 55-65.
CHAO R, HUANG X L, ZHOU Y.Research on the supply mode of intellectual property information service in university libraries-Based on the perspective of technological innovation demand[J]. Library work and study, 2021(5): 55-65.
[48] 左婷婷. 网络多元化视阈下高校数字图书馆对外服务模式分析[J]. 情报科学, 2022, 40(1): 66-72.
ZUO T T.Analysis on the external service mode of university digital library from the perspective of network diversification[J]. Information science, 2022, 40(1): 66-72.