Abstract: The development of modern information technology has brought the library resource to a multi-source situation. Traditional paper book resource has faced the challenges of e-resource. Through the questionnaire survey statistics, by taking Library of Shandong Agricultural University as example, this paper analyzed and studied the understanding and utilization of paper resource from the readers in the library, to know the reading need, reading tendency and the factors influencing the borrowing of readers. At the same time, it analyzed the readers' satisfaction with the paper resource and service and the promotion measures of paper books. Meanwhile it gave the corresponding suggestions and countermeasure to optimize the structure of library in the new situation, improve the utilization rate of paper book resource, and maintain the advantage and vitality of this traditional resource.