关键词: AI素养, 技术接受模型, 基层公务员, 创新扩散理论, 治理现代化

Abstract:

[Purpose/Significance] As digital government accelerates, the artificial intelligence (AI) literacy of grassroots civil servants has become critical to promoting smart government management. Grassroots-level civil servants who possess high levels of digital and AI literacy are indispensable drivers in establishing a digital and smart government. However, significant differences among grassroots civil servants in AI literacy and digital skills adaptation make it difficult for them to fully adapt to the requirements of smart government management. To effectively apply AI technologies in grassroots governance, it is essential for the effective application of AI technologies in grassroots governance to systematically identify its influencing factors and propose targeted cultivation paths, thereby improving public service quality and governance efficiency. [Method/Process] This study integrates the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT) to construct a TAM-IDT analytical framework. Based on empirical research identifying the AI literacy deficiencies of current grassroots civil servants, the TAM-IDT analytical framework systematically examines the impact mechanisms of key variables, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and behavioral attitude, on AI literacy. The framework also proposes stage-based and group-specific cultivation strategies. The study uses local government civil servants as its research sample. It collects data through questionnaires and interviews, and employs structural equation modeling and mediation effect analysis for empirical validation. [Results/Conclusions] The findings reveal that behavioral attitude has a significant positive impact on AI literacy. Perceived usefulness notably enhances behavioral intention, while perceived ease of use has a negative effect on behavioral attitude, suggesting that individuals who perceive greater difficulty may be more motivated to learn. However, one of the highlights of this study is that civil servants who are proficient in AI technology or have used it in their work have a lower desire to learn more about it. Further analysis shows that perceived ease of use positively influences behavioral attitude indirectly through perceived usefulness. Additionally, both cognitive variables indirectly affect AI literacy via behavioral attitude, forming a "cognition-intention-behavior" influence chain. Based on these results and the classification of stages and types of technology adoption using Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT), a three-dimensional, differentiated AI literacy cultivation strategy called "perception diffusion collaboration" was proposed. This strategy is based on the five elements, stages, and the groups of people involved in innovation diffusion. It offers a theoretical foundation and practical path for improving AI literacy among grassroots civil servants and advancing the modernization of grassroots governance.

Key words: AI literacy, technology acceptance model, grassroots civil servants, innovation diffusion theory, governance modernization