论区块链技术支持的学术诚信机制构建

doi:10.13998/j.cnki.issn1002-1248.20-1195

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的/意义]学术诚信是科研事业持续发展的基本保障。将区块链技术应用于学术诚信机制建设,有利于营造优良的学风,为学术繁荣提供有力保障。[方法/过程]分析当前学术诚信的现状和问题,尝试结合区块链技术特点进行学术诚信新机制构建。[结果/结论]从规范性、透明性和原创性3个维度构成的质量控制机制,以及基于科学代币交换的激励机制两大方面构建区块链技术支持的学术诚信新机制。

关键词: 学术诚信机制, 区块链, 学术交流

Abstract: [Purpose/Significance] Academic integrity performs a basic role which safeguards the development of scientific research in the long run. Adopting the blockchain technology into the construction of scholarly integrity mechanism promotes the academic atmosphere, meanwhile provides a strong guarantee for the academic prosperity. [Method/Process] By revealing the current status of scholarly integrity, an integrity mechanism is attempted to be constructed based on the characteristics of the blockchain technology. [Results/Conclusions] From the three dimensions of the quality control mechanism, normativity, transparency and originality, and based on the scientific token exchange incentive mechanism, a new scholarly integrity mechanism has been constructed.

Key words: scholarly credit, blockchain, scholarly communication

中图分类号:

G250.74

丁敬达, 原宜青. 论区块链技术支持的学术诚信机制构建[J]. 农业图书情报学报, 2021, 33(2): 54-62.

DING Jingda, YUAN Yiqing. An Exploration of the Scholarly Integrity Mechanism Supported by Blockchain Technology in Scholarly Communication[J]. Journal of Library and Information Science in Agriculture, 2021, 33(2): 54-62.

参考文献

[1] 尼可拉斯·卢曼. 信任: 一个社会复杂性的简化机制[M]. 翟铁鹏, 李强, 译. 上海: 上海人民出版社, 2005: 9.
NIKLAS L.Vertrauen: Ein mechanismus der reduktion sozialer komplexitat[M]. Translator: DI T P, LI Q. Shanghai: Shanghai people's press, 2005: 9.
[2] NAKAMOTO S.Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system[EB/OL]. [2020-10-05].https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-paper.
[3] 中国区块链技术和产业发展论坛. 中国区块链技术和应用发展研究报告(2018)[R/OL]. [2020-10-05]. http://www. cbdforum.cn/bcweb/index/article/rsr-12.html.
China blockchain technology and Industry development forum. China blockchain technology and application development research report 2018[R/OL]. [2020-10-05]. http://www. cbdforum.cn/bcweb/index/article/rsr-12.html.
[4] 科学技术部科研诚信建设办公室. 科研诚信知识读本[M]. 北京: 科技文献出版社, 2009.
Office of scientific research integrity construction. Ministry of science and technology[M]. Beijing: Scientific and technical documentation press, 2009.
[5] 姜春林. 国内外科研诚信研究比较: 主题、热点与趋势[J]. 西南民族大学学报(人文社科版), 2020, 41(8): 226-233.
JIANG C L.A comparative study of research integrity at home and abroad: themes, hotspots and trends[J]. Journal of southwest Minzu university(humanities and social science), 2020, 41(8): 226-233.
[6] HESSELS L K, FRANSSEN T, SCHOLTEN W, et al.Variation in valuation: How research groups accumulate credibility in four epistemic cultures[J]. Minerva, 2019, 57: 127-149.
[7] LATOUR B, WOOLGAR S.Laboratory life: The construction of scientific facts[M]. 2nd ed. New Jersey: Princeton university press, 1986: 187-233.
[8] 周春雷. 学术授信评价及其应用[M].北京: 北京科学出版社, 2016: 64-92.
ZHOU C L.Academic credit evaluation and its application[M].Beijing: Science press, 2016: 64-92.
[9] The office of research integrity. Frequently asked questions[EB/OL].[2020-09-30]. https://ori.hhs.gov/content/frequently-asked-questions.
[10] 许洁, 王嘉昀. 基于区块链技术的学术出版信任建设[J]. 出版科学, 2017, 25(6): 19-24.
XU J, WANG J Y.Build up the trust of academic publishing: Based on the technology of block chain[J]. Publishing journal, 2017, 25(6): 19-24.
[11] WAGER E, WILLIAMS P.Why and how do journals retract articles? An analysis of Medline retractions 1988-2008[J]. Journal of medical ethics, 2011, 37(9): 567-570.
[12] CRONIN B.Hyperauthorship: A postmodern perversion or evidence of a structural shift in scholarly communication practices?[J]. Journal of the American society for information science and technology, 2001, 52(7): 558-569.
[13] GASPARYAN A Y.Authorship and contributorship in scholarly journals[J]. Journal of Korean medical science, 2013, 28(6): 801-802.
[14] GASPARYAN A Y, AYVAZYAN L, KITAS G D.Authorship problems in scholarly journals: considerations for authors, peer reviewers and editors[J]. Rheumatology international, 2013, 33(2): 277-284.
[15] BROWN R.How scholars credit editors in their acknowledgements[J]. Journal of scholarly publishing, 2009, 40(4): 384-398.
[16] MENON V, MURALEEDHARAN A.Credit and visibility for peer reviewing: An overlooked aspect of scholarly publication[J]. Journal of neurosciences in rural practice, 2016, 7(2): 330-331.
[17] 邵曾婷, 王译晗, 叶钰铭, 等.从开放获取到开放科学: 开放获取周的主题、内容演变与启示[J/OL]. 图书情报工作: 1-13[2020-09-30]. https://doi.org/10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2020.14.002.
SHAO Z T, WANG Y H, YE Y M, et al.From open access to open science: the theme, content evolution and enlightenment of open access week[J/OL]. Library and information service: 1-13[2020-09-30]. https://doi.org/10.13266/j.issn.0252-3116.2020.14.002.
[18] 李婷, 施其明, 刘琦. “OSID开放科学计划”助力学术期刊融合创新发展[J]. 出版与印刷, 2018(3): 11-17.
LI T, SHI Q M, LIU Q."OSID open science program" promotes the integration and innovation of academic journals[J]. Publishing & printing, 2018(3): 11-17.
[19] SWAN M.Blockchain: Blueprint for a new economy[M]. First edition, Sebastopol: O’Reilly Media Inc, 2015: 36.
[20] BARTLING S. Blockchain for science[EB/OL]. [2020-05-18]. http://www.soenke bartling.de.
[21] 刘一鸣, 蒋欣羽. 基于区块链技术的学术出版版权屏障研究[J]. 编辑之友, 2018(8): 95-99.
LIU Y M, JIANG X Y.Copyright barrier to academic publishing: Based on block chain technology[J]. Editorial friend, 2018(8): 95-99.
[22] 曹妮妮. 学术信用体系——防止学术腐败的必由之路[J]. 情报资料工作, 2003(2): 22-23.
CAO N N.Academic credit system - the only way to prevent aca-demic corruption[J]. Information and documentation services, 2003(2): 22-23.
[23] 田瑞强, 施其明, 姚长青. 面向科研诚信的学术出版探索[J]. 中国传媒科技, 2019(1): 13-15.
TIAN R Q, SHI Q M, YAO C Q.Exploration of academic publish-ing oriented to scientific research integrity[J]. Science technology for China's mass media, 2019(1): 13-15.
[24] 朱岩, 王静, 郭倩, 等. 基于区块链的智能合约技术研究进展[J]. 网络空间安全, 2020, 11(9): 19-24, 54.
ZHU Y, WANG J, GUO Q.et al.Research progress of smart contracts based on blockchain[J]. Cyberspace security, 2020, 11(9): 19-24, 54.
[25] 余以胜, 朱佳雨, 许恩平. 基于区块链的学术评价系统模型构建研究[J]. 重庆大学学报(社会科学版), 2020, 26(4): 138-149.
YU Y S, ZHU J Y, XU E P.Discussion on the model construction of academic evaluation system based on blockchain[J]. Journal of Chongqing university(social science edition), 2020, 26(4): 138-149.
[26] 张恬, 孟美任. 学术交流应用区块链技术的场景与案例剖析[J]. 中国科技期刊研究, 2019, 30(5): 469-475.
ZHANG T, MENG M R.Scenario and case study of blockchain technology for scholarly communication[J]. Chinese journal of scientific and technical periodicals, 2019, 30(5): 469-475.
[27] 周婕, 刘海涛. 区块链技术在高校科研诚信建设中的应用探索[J]. 农业图书情报学报, 2020, 32(8): 34-39.
ZHOU J, LIU H T.Application of blockchain technology in the construction of scientific research integrity in universities[J]. Journal of library and information science in agriculture, 2020, 32(8): 34-39.