关键词: 计算人文, 自主知识体系, 学术体系, 学科体系, 话语体系, 标识性概念, 人文计算, 数字人文

Abstract:

[Purpose/Significance] The construction of an autonomous knowledge system for computational humanities is both a historical inevitability as this emerging interdisciplinary field matures in the data-driven, computational era. It is also a substantive response to the national strategy of developing Chinese characteristics-based philosophy and social sciences. Unlike previous prior surveys which treat digital humanities as a relatively unified field, this paper emphasizes the epistemological shift from "digital" to "computational" and elucidates how Chinese scholarship has developed and refined the concept of computational humanities since it was first named in 2021. Its significance lies in providing a systematic, three-dimensional framework for assessing the field's institutional maturity and in demonstrating how computational humanities can serve as a vehicle for the communication of the Chinese story and the conveyance of Chinese wisdom within a global perspective. [Method/Process] Building on a conceptual clarification of the differences between "computation" and "humanities," "data" and "digital," and "digital humanities" and "computational humanities," the study examined the field along three interrelated dimensions: the academic system, the disciplinary system, and the discourse system. At the academic level, the analysis traced the consolidation of "human expression"–human cultural activity recorded through symbolic systems–as the research object. This three-tier inquiry comprises "what happened," "what was expressed," and "how to evaluate". A five-layer methodological hierarchy was cosntructed, spanning datafication, semantic annotation, text mining, spatiotemporal and network analysis, and large-language-model-driven intelligent computation. The research paradigm is five-stage and governed by the dual criteria of technical reproducibility and humanistic interpretive force. At the disciplinary level, the study surveyed sub-disciplines formed under the "computational X" logic, alongside talent cultivation, journals, conferences, laboratories, and academic public accounts. The argument is grounded in five empirical case studies: empty-space ratios in Chinese landscape painting (618-2011), the historical origins of the Tunpu dialect, sentencing leniency in misdemeanor cases, the construction of a historical-bibliography knowledge base, and topic-modeling comparisons of pre-Qin Confucian classics. [Results/Conclusions] The findings indicate that the field of computational humanities has reached a strategic juncture for transitioning from fragmented practice to systematic development. The academic system has formed an internally coherent conceptual framework; the disciplinary system has acquired a recognizable map of "Computational X" branches; and the discourse system has produced an expressive structure unifying vertical hierarchies with horizontal connections, propelled by the strategic momentum of "AI+," "Data Elements ×," and the New Liberal Arts initiative. The limitations of this study include the incomplete systematization of the original theory, unsettled institutional affiliations, and limited capacity for international discourse. Our future research endeavors will be anchored in local issues and firmly embedded within the Chinese cultural milieu. This approach is expected to propel the autonomous refinement of the autonomous knowledge system through continuous, iterative processes of conceptual distillation and theoretical innovation.

Key words: computational humanities, autonomous knowledge system, academic system, disciplinary system, discourse system, iconic concepts, humanities computing, digital humanities