哲学社会科学科研人员参与有组织科研合作意愿的影响因素及其作用路径：基于解释结构模型的分析

doi:10.13998/j.cnki.issn1002-1248.25-0751

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

[目的/意义] 揭示哲学社会科学科研人员参与有组织科研合作的影响机制，为优化有组织科研制度设计、提升科研协作效能提供理论依据与实践参考。 [方法/过程] 基于社会生态系统理论构建四维分析框架，通过371份有效问卷收集数据，运用二元Logistic回归识别关键影响因素，结合解释结构模型（ISM）解析层级结构与传导路径。 [结果/结论] 研究发现：微观层面，学术能级、研究能力适配度与感知相对优势构成直接驱动力；中观层面，团队知识异质性、使命认同度与知识整合系统促进作用最显著；外部与宏观层面，激励性保障、制度性保障、新型举国体制支撑度及学科交叉研究导向通过制度环境塑造产生关键影响。ISM模型揭示“宏观制度引导-外部组织支撑-中观团队协同-微观个体响应”的层级传导机制。提升有组织科研效能需遵循系统性原则，通过多层次、多路径协同干预优化科研生态。

关键词: 有组织科研, 哲学社会科学, 影响因素, 解释结构模型

Abstract:

[Purpose/Significance] Amid the national push for the high-quality development of the philosophy and social sciences (PSS), organized scientific research is essential for overcoming disciplinary barriers and solving major practical issues. Existing studies mainly focus on natural sciences, ignoring PSS organized research's uniqueness - its heavy reliance on independent thinking and open academic exchange. This study fills this gap by exploring factors and mechanisms influencing PSS researchers' willingness to participate in organized collaborations, enriching the discipline-specific theoretical system and providing targeted references for optimizing institutional design, boosting participation enthusiasm, and enhancing collaborative innovation efficiency. [Method/Process] Guided by social ecosystem theory, a four-dimensional framework (micro-individual, meso-team, external-organizational, macro-institutional) was constructed. A questionnaire survey was conducted among PSS researchers (university faculty, research institute staff, doctoral students), yielding 371 valid samples after excluding flawed responses. Binary Logistic regression identified key influencing factors, while Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) analyzed their hierarchical structure and transmission paths. SPSS 27.0 and Amos 29.0 validated the measurement scales, confirming good internal consistency and structural validity. [Results/Conclusions] Binary Logistic regression shows ten factors significantly predict participation willingness. Microscopically, academic rank (marginally significant), research capability fit, and perceived relative advantage (strongest driver) are core individual motivations. Meso-level factors - team knowledge heterogeneity, mission identification, and knowledge integration system - exert the most prominent promotional effects. Externally, institutional and incentive guarantees form a "dual pillar," with strategic resource support marginally significant. Macroscopically, new nationwide system support and interdisciplinary orientation shape the overall environment. ISM reveals a hierarchical transmission mechanism: root factors (national system, interdisciplinary orientation) stimulate external support, foster meso organizational maturity, and act on micro factors, forming a complete chain. Three key paths are identified: institutional drive, evaluation traction, and resource collaboration. Limitations include cross-sectional data (unable to confirm causality) and insufficient interdisciplinary difference analysis. Future research may adopt longitudinal tracking, supplement qualitative methods (case studies, interviews), and conduct interdisciplinary comparisons to enhance conclusion depth.

Key words: organizational research, philosophy and social sciences, ISM model, influencing factors

中图分类号: G322.7

谭春辉, 何梦宇. 哲学社会科学科研人员参与有组织科研合作意愿的影响因素及其作用路径：基于解释结构模型的分析[J/OL]. 农业图书情报学报. https://doi.org/10.13998/j.cnki.issn1002-1248.25-0751.

TAN Chunhui, HE Mengyu. Factors Influencing Philosophy and Social Science Researchers' Participation in Organized Research Collaborations[J/OL]. Journal of library and information science in agriculture. https://doi.org/10.13998/j.cnki.issn1002-1248.25-0751.

图/表 11

图1

表1

哲学社会科学科研人员参与有组织科研合作意愿的影响因素"

变量层级	变量名称	操作化定义	变量赋值
因变量	参与意愿	未来参与有组织科研合作的意愿	0=非积极意愿，1=积极意愿
微观层面	学术能级	职称	0=无，1=初级，2=中级，3=副高级，4=正高级
	研究能力匹配度	个人专长与重大合作项目需求的契合程度	1=完全脱节，2=局部覆盖，3=基本匹配，4=高度契合，5=完全契合
	感知相对优势	参与有组织科研合作对个人发展的收益预期	李克特五级量表
中观层面	团队知识异质性	团队成员在学科背景、知识结构与方法论上的多元化程度	李克特五级量表（团队知识异质性量表）
	团队使命认同度	成员对有组织科研合作项目国家战略价值的认同	1=完全不认同，2=较少认同，3=一般认同，4=较认同，5=高度认同
	团队知识整合系统	团队内部知识整合机制成熟度	李克特五级量表（交互记忆系统）
外部层面	战略资源支持力度	机构对有组织科研合作项目的资金、设备、数据等资源保障力度	1=非常不充足，2=较不充足，3=一般充足，4=比较充足，5=非常充足
	激励性保障	机构在考核、晋升中对有组织科研合作成果的认可与激励力度	1=完全不支持，2=较不支持，3=一般支持，4=比较支持，5=非常支持
	制度性保障	机构在职称晋升、资源分配等方面对有组织科研交叉融合创新的制度支持力度	1=完全不支持，2=较不支持，3=一般支持，4=比较支持，5=非常支持
宏观层面	新型举国体制支撑度	国家层面对有组织科研提供的政策、平台与经费等支持的力度感知	1=非常薄弱，2=较薄弱，3=一般，4=较强，5=非常强
	学科交叉研究导向	学科文化对交叉研究的支持程度	1=完全不支持，2=较不支持，3=一般支持，4=比较支持，5=非常支持

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变量名称	选项	频数	百分比/%
性别	男	170	45.8
	女	201	54.2
年龄	25岁及以下	22	5.9
	26~35岁	168	45.3
	36~45岁	90	24.2
	46~55岁	73	19.7
	56岁及以上	18	4.9
学历	本科及以下	22	5.9
	硕士	196	52.8
	博士	153	41.3
学科领域	人文科学	176	47.4
	社会科学	195	52.6
单位类型	双一流建设高校	225	60.6
	双非高校	146	39.4
职称	无	40	10.8
	初级职称	72	19.4
	中级职称	105	28.3
	副高级职称	100	27.0
	高级职称	54	14.6
单位区域	东北地区	28	7.5
	华北地区	42	11.3
	华东地区	64	17.3
	华中地区	90	24.3
	华南地区	62	16.7
	西南地区	40	10.8
	西北地区	45	12.1
团队规模	小型团队（5~10人）	115	31
	中小型团队（10~20人）	133	35.8
	大型团队（20人以上）	123	33.2
参与意愿	非积极意愿	68	18.3
	积极意愿	304	81.7

变量	维度	Cronbach's α	CFA拟合指标	聚合效度
变量	维度	Cronbach's α	χ²/df	CFI	TLI	RMSEA	AVE	CR
感知相对优势	（单维）	0.711	2.96	0.971	0.990	0.073	0.505	0.754
团队知识异质性	显性知识异质性	0.764	-	-	-	-	0.524	0.767
	隐性知识异质性	0.763	-	-	-	-	0.524	0.766
	（二阶模型整体）	0.848	1.363	0.969	0.996	0.031	-	-
团队知识整合系统	专长度	0.818	-	-	-	-	0.529	0.818
	协调度	0.843	-	-	-	-	0.523	0.845
	可信度	0.85	-	-	-	-	0.533	0.85
	（二阶模型整体）	0.887	1.748	0.974	0.968	0.045	-	-

变量名称		B	标准误差	瓦尔德	自由度	显著性	Exp(B)	EXP(B)的95%置信区间
变量名称		B	标准误差	瓦尔德	自由度	显著性	Exp(B)	下限	上限
微观层面	学术能级	.335	.197	2.883	1	.090*	1.398	0.950	2.057
	研究能力适配度	.332	.087	14.586	1	.000***	1.393	1.175	1.651
	感知相对优势	.784	.344	5.194	1	.023**	2.191	1.116	4.301
中观层面	团队知识异质性	1.296	.305	18.011	1	.000***	3.655	2.009	6.650
	团队知识整合系统	.759	.355	4.555	1	.033**	2.135	1.064	4.286
	团队使命认同度	1.245	.434	8.222	1	.004***	3.472	1.483	8.129
外部层面	战略资源支持力度	.442	.231	3.677	1	.055*	1.556	0.990	2.446
	激励性保障	.387	.182	4.521	1	.033**	1.472	1.031	2.103
	制度性保障	.445	.226	3.881	1	.049**	1.561	1.002	2.431
宏观层面	新型举国体制支撑度	1.025	.346	8.754	1	.003***	2.787	1.413	5.494
宏观层面	学科交叉研究导向	1.074	.474	5.133	1	.023**	2.927	1.156	7.412
	常量	-27.342	3.848	50.494	1	.000	.000

变量名称	可达集合R	先行集合Q	交集A=R∩Q
S0合作意愿	1	1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12	1
S1学术能级	1,2	2,9,11,12	2
S2研究能力适配度	1,3	3,12	3
S3感知相对优势	1,4	4,5,6,7,8,10,11,12	4
S4团队知识异质性	1,4,5,7	5,10,11,12	5
S5团队使命认同度	1,4,6,7	6,10,11,12	6
S6团队知识整合系统	1,4,7	5,6,7,8,10,11,12	7
S7战略资源支持力度	1,4,7,8	8,11	8
S8激励性保障	1,2,9	9,11,12	9
S9制度性保障	1,4,5,6,7,10	10,11,12	10
S10新型举国体制支撑度	1,2,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11	11	11
S11学科交叉研究导向	1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10,12	12	12

层级	要素
第1层（顶层）	S0参与意愿
第2层	S1学术能级，S2研究能力匹配度，S3感知相对优势
第3层	S6团队知识整合系统，S8激励性保障
第4层	S4团队知识异质性，S5团队使命认同度，S7战略资源支持力度
第5层	S9制度性保障
第6层（最底层）	S10新型举国体制支撑度，S11学科交叉研究导向基于：结果优先-UP型