Abstract: The aging of literature is an inevitable social phenomenon. With the progress of science and technology, the aging problem of traditional paper resource is becoming more and more prominent. Taking the 22 major categories (including TP) Chinese collection in Library of South China Agricultural University as the research object, using the method of collection circulation statistics through the curve regression analysis, according to the J.D Bernal literature on aging negative index model, this paper made the fitting test of aging model for each kind, and obtained the half-life. Regarding the half-life of aging measuring index, it conducted the in-depth comparative analysis on the half-life of all kinds of categories for Chinese collection during 2012-2015, and learnt the half-life characteristics and aging rules of various categories Chinese collection, and analyze that catalog delay of new book, book digitization, poor procurement quality, unreasonable collection structure were the main factor affecting the aging of Chinese collection. In order to solve the aging problems, it should strengthen propaganda, pick up the old books regularly, adjust the layout of library properly and improve the library system.