[Purpose/Significance] Establishing and improving the mechanism for delivering public cultural services directly to the grassroots level is a key measure to promote balanced urban-rural cultural development and achieve high-quality public cultural services. [Method/Process] Based on the practical context of public cultural service construction in the new era, this study is a systematic review of the main actors and innovative practices in the Direct Delivery to the Grassroots of public cultural services. It deconstructs the core elements of establishing such a mechanism, and proposes evaluation criteria for improvement. [Results/Conclusions] 1) The study found that China's current construction of direct grassroots delivery mechanisms for public cultural services has formed a diversified model led by the government, public cultural institutions, and social forces. The government-led model, relying on strong administrative coordination and project-based operations, enables rapid and extensive service coverage. However, there are risks involved, such as prioritizing infrastructure development over sustained operations and facing challenges regarding long-term sustainability. Public cultural institutions achieve regular delivery of resources and services to grassroots levels through central-branch systems, though their effectiveness heavily depends on the central institution's coordination capabilities and the faithful implementation of institutional frameworks. The participation of social forces broadens the scope and forms of service delivery, yet the stability and public welfare orientation of their contributions are often vulnerable to market fluctuations and shifts in organizational strategies. 2) The study argues that the core of constructing a direct grassroots delivery mechanism requires three organically unified elements. First, we ensure the quality of the supplied content, that is, the resources must integrate ideological depth, popular appeal, and artistic value, in alignment with the guidance of socialist core values. Second, we must innovate the organizational methods of direct delivery channels. This can be done by exploring vertically managed central-branch systems, establishing distribution mechanisms with upward-shifted accountability, and refining systems for dispatching cultural coordinators. These changes will help overcome middle-level blockages in the resource delivery process. Finally, our goal is to achieve effective alignment between supply and demand. This involves implementing systems such as demand solicitation, menu-based distribution, and feedback evaluation, thereby shifting the service model from a government-centric approach to a citizen-centric one and fostering a virtuous cycle of precise matching. 3) The study proposes that the evaluation criteria for improving institutional mechanisms encompass four dimensions. First, service effectiveness measured by public satisfaction, social impact, and the replicability of the model. Second, cost controllability, which involves exploring sustainable operational models to reduce excessive reliance on fiscal support. Third, grassroots capacity with a focus on strengthening the ability of township (sub-district) comprehensive cultural stations to serve as hubs for resource integration and distribution. Fourth, sustainable safeguards, which entails transitioning from campaign-style investments toward institutionalized and legally supported mechanisms, reinforced by standardization and broader participation of social forces, to foster a stable and enduring developmental framework.

[Purpose/Significance] During the third plenary session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the need to establish mechanisms that facilitate the direct delivery of high-quality cultural resources to the grassroots level was emphasized. This goal closely corresponds with the mission of public libraries. With the advancement of Chinese public cultural service system, public libraries have strengthened their facility networks and expanded service coverage. However, significant challenges remain, including the urban-rural disparity in cultural resources, mismatches between service supply and demand, and differences in the needs of diverse user groups. The paper addresses this research gap by reviewing innovative domestic practices, identifying their core characteristics, and clarifying pathways for mechanism development. In this way, it not only enriches the theoretical framework of Chinese public cultural service development but also provides targeted practical guidance for public libraries seeking to overcome urban-rural barriers, optimize resource allocation, and enhance grassroots access to high-quality services. The study therefore holds important theoretical and practical value for promoting the equalized, precise, and inclusive development of public cultural services and for advancing the construction of a nation of avid readers. [Method/Process] The study examines representative innovative practices from public libraries across China that promote the direct delivery of high-quality services to the grassroots level, focusing on five key dimensions: space, resources, services, activities, and professionals. Through comparative analysis, the study distills the core characteristics of these practices with respect to service goals, organizational models, implementation strategies, reform orientations, technological support, and sustainability mechanisms. Building on the analysis, it identifies priority areas for advancement and proposes targeted pathways for optimizing delivery mechanisms. [Results/Conclusions] This study found that the practice of public libraries in China in delivering high-quality services directly to grassroots level has developed a distinctive pathway characterized by six interrelated features. Firstly, it prioritizes the precise fulfillment of the diverse reading needs of different age groups and population groups as the core objective. Secondly, it relies on the central-branch library system as the organizational foundation. Thirdly, it adopts the provision of all-region and all-time reading services as the principal implementation approach. Fourthly, it regards fostering the public's intrinsic motivation for reading as an important reform orientation. Fifthly, it leverages technological innovation as a key driver for improving service efficiency. Finally, it develops reading service brands as a sustainable driving force for long-term development. To promote the sustainable and standardized development of this service model, public libraries need to establish a systematic mechanism framework across five key dimensions. Firstly, strengthening vertically integrated organizational support. Secondly, ensuring precise alignment between service supply and user demand. Thirdly, promoting comprehensive and coordinated resource supply. Fourthly, advancing multi-dimensional talent cultivation and support. Finally, establishing standardized assessment, evaluation, and long-term guarantee mechanisms.

[Purpose/Significance] The direct delivery of high-quality services by cultural centers to the grassroots level serves as a crucial pathway for fulfilling their industry mission and promoting high-quality development. It holds significant practical importance in safeguarding the fundamental cultural rights and interests of the people, improving the governance efficiency of public cultural services, and contributing to the establishment of a culturally powerful nation. [Method/Process] Based on the practical need to enhance the quality and efficiency of public cultural services, this study adopts the methods of literature analysis, case study, and practical induction. With direct service access as its core logic, the study systematically analyzes the current practical models and innovative pathways for delivering high-quality, grass-roots-level services from cultural centers. This analysis is structured across four dimensions: optimization of spatial layout, sinking allocation of resources, precise supply of activities, and support from a skilled talent team. [Results/Conclusions] The study reveals that cultural centers have established a solid foundation for coordinated planning and linkage through the central-branch cultural center system. By activating spatial efficiency, they have achieved proximity in resource allocation; by broadening service platforms, they have opened up direct access channels; through diverse and enriched activities, they have enabled universal participation and sharing; and by strengthening talent development, they have enhanced service capabilities.On this basis, to further improve service quality and efficiency, the study proposed that cultural centers should accelerate the establishment of four long-term mechanisms: an organization and coordination mechanism, a supply-demand matching mechanism, a digital empowerment mechanism, and a professional guidance mechanism. This involves continuously refining the vertical central-branch cultural center system, cultivating beloved cultural brands, and fostering a universally accessible service ecosystem. By forming a community for the development of the cultural center sector, we continuously promote the in-depth extension of high-quality public cultural services to the grassroots level. This approach will effectively transform practical and innovative achievements into a powerful driver for the high-quality development of cultural centers in the new era.

[Purpose/Significance] As an essential part of the modern public cultural service system, museums are expected not only to preserve and interpret cultural heritage, but also to respond more effectively to the growing and diverse cultural needs of the public. Against this background, this paper explores innovative practices delivering high-quality museum services directly to grassroots communities in China. The goal is to identify representative forms, distill key features, and support the development of a long-term and institutionalized mechanism for delivering museum services to these communities. This paper theoretically focuses on the structural logic and operational mechanisms of direct service delivery, thereby extending existing research on public cultural services in museums and deepening our understanding of how these services are reorganized during public cultural service transformation. In practice, this paper clarifies the major forms, common features, and developmental directions of grassroots museum services, and thus it provides useful references for improving resource allocation, optimizing service organization, strengthening grassroots service capacity, and promoting the institutionalization of high-quality museum services. [Method/Process] This paper adopts a multi-case study approach. This approach is appropriate because the direct delivery of high-quality museum services to grassroots communities is not a single, standardized process. Rather it is a complex, practical phenomenon involving multiple organizational forms, service scenarios, and the relationships between different actors. To capture such complexity, this paper selects representative cases of museum innovation in China and conducts an in-depth comparative analysis. Specifically, the analysis is organized around the four basic elements of museums, namely collections, space, technology, and people. It examines a series of innovative practices, including resource delivery, spatial direct access, network-based reach, collaborative participation, and systematic integration. By analyzing how museum collections are circulated through physical delivery and symbolic transformation, how museum service spaces are extended and embedded into grassroots settings, how digital technologies expand service reach beyond temporal and spatial constraints, how the public participates in the co-production of content and services, and how collections, spaces, technologies, and people are systematically integrated within an institutional framework, this paper reveals the internal logic and common patterns of delivering museum services directly to the grassroots communities. [Results/Conclusions] This study found that the direct delivery of high-quality museum services to grassroots communities is mainly characterized by a systematic supply, ubiquitous scenarios, precise service delivery, and collaborative participation. Based on these findings, this study proposes four pathways for further improving the mechanism of direct grassroots museum service delivery: establishing a coordinated mechanism for resource allocation, improving the operational mechanism of grassroots service facilities, optimizing the dynamic alignment mechanism between service supply and local demand, and strengthening the capacity-building mechanism for grassroots receiving entities. These findings suggest that the sustainable development of grassroots museum services depends not only on greater resource input and technological support, but also on the systematic coordination of collections, spaces, technologies, and people within an institutional framework. Due to the limited scope of the selected cases and the level of generalization, future research may examine contextual differences across museum types and regions more thoroughly. Additionally, more refined indicators may be developed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of grassroots museum service delivery.

[Purpose/Significance] Directly channeling intangible cultural heritage services to the grassroots level is a new stage in China's progress in protecting intangible cultural heritage. This stage accurately and effectively delivers and integrates the results of intangible cultural heritage protection into the daily lives of urban and rural communities. It transforms the intangible cultural heritage resources, which were originally concentrated among minority groups and in certain areas, into accessible, perceptible, and recreatable resources for the general public. This allows intangible cultural heritage resources to truly serve and benefit the general public, and encourage innovation. The core proposition highlights the new concept of development: development by by the people, for the people, and for the people's benefit. Moreover, it is an important link in responding to the current "establishment of a mechanism for high-quality cultural resources to reach the grassroots level" in China's cultural industry. [Method/Process] Through years of practical exploration, the work of providing intangible cultural heritage services directly to the grassroots level in China has evolved from scattered projects to a systematic approach, gradually forming a practical paradigm with Chinese characteristics. This article is based on the practical application of China's intangible cultural heritage resources at the grassroots level. Through online research and on-site investigations, it provides a systematic analysis of the innovative practices and basic experiences, thus providing an empirical basis and strategic guidance for the future development of these resources. [Results/Conclusions] This study found that China's services for intangible cultural heritage services reaching the grassroots level rely on five models: public cultural venues, market-oriented products, large-scale festivals, national education system, and grassroots communities. After analyzing the experiences, a pluralistic "position-activity-product" system was proposed. This system links with inheritors and constructs a diversified governance pattern led by the government, driven by the market, and coordinated by social participation. Moreover, the intangible cultural heritage fusion system is deeply embedded in the national social foundation and is supplemented by digital technology, which empowers precise outreach and other experiential features. Looking towards the future, reaching the grassroots directly is not only an effective way to disseminate intangible cultural heritage, but also a strategic direction for protecting and developing intangible cultural heritage in the new era. The work of intangible cultural heritage should be based on three mechanisms: coordinating the cultivation of inheritors, activating the market, and providing public cultural support. The inheritor team mechanism should be used to build a solid foundation, the market-driven mechanism should be used to expand space, and the public cultural mechanism should be used to secure the bottom line. These three mechanisms support each other, working dynamically together to form a sustainable development mechanism that promotes the utilization of intangible cultural heritage resources at the grassroots level.

[Purpose/Significance] The delivery of public cultural services at the grassroots level is a key issue in developing China's modern public cultural service system. Although digital technology has created new possibilities for wider access to cultural resources, extending high-quality public cultural services to county, township, and village communities remains challenging. Problems such as uneven resource distribution, weak supply-demand coordination, and limited grassroots service capacity continue to affect service effectiveness. In the context of the national cultural digitization strategy, public digital cultural services have emerged as a key means of enhancing grassroots service delivery. Existing studies have discussed policy development, system construction, platform building, service evaluation, and digital inclusion, but relatively less attention has been paid to how public digital cultural services actually function in the process of reaching the grassroots level. This article focuses on this issue and examines the practical steps, internal logic, and realistic constraints involved in extending public digital cultural services to the grassroots. [Method/Process] This article combines case analysis and policy text analysis. It takes the National Public Culture Cloud as the central case and draws on relevant practices in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Zhejiang, and other areas in China. This research design is appropriate because the development of public digital cultural services is influenced not only by technological conditions, but also by policy guidance, institutional arrangements, and local practices. Theoretically, the article draws on public service provision and technological empowerment theories. On this basis, it develops a three-dimensional analytical framework consisting of platform architecture, operating mechanisms, and service scenarios. Through this framework, the article examines how digital platforms support the transmission of cultural resources, how service effectiveness is improved through demand matching, social participation, and user cultivation, and how mobile, immersive, and intelligent applications reshape grassroots cultural participation and user experience. [Results/Conclusions] The study shows that public digital cultural services have paved the way for the expansion of public cultural resources to the grassroots level. However, their effectiveness is not solely dependent on technology. A multi-level platform system has provided technical support for resource connection and transmission, yet inconsistent standards, insufficient data sharing, and repeated platform construction still reduce overall efficiency. At the same time, demand matching, social participation, and user cultivation are important for improving service quality and strengthening grassroots participation. Mobile, immersive, and intelligent service scenarios are also changing the way users access and experience public cultural services. However, digital divide, weak local operation capacity, and insufficient data governance remain major constraints. Therefore, the development of public digital cultural services should move beyond platform building and resource aggregation, and pay greater attention to standard coordination, mechanism improvement, service innovation, and inclusive access. Since this study is mainly based on policy materials and typical cases, future research should focus on strengthening field investigations and comparative analyses.

[Purpose/Significance] New rural public cultural spaces represents an innovative approach to advancing rural revitalization and the high-quality development of public cultural services in the new era. They also serve as a key vehicle for promoting the integrated development of urban and rural public cultural services. This study aims to systematically analyze the development models and operational logic of new rural public cultural spaces and to explore pathways for their high-quality advancement. [Method/Process] Based on field investigations and interviews conducted between September 2024 and March 2025 at more than 40 new rural public cultural spaces in Beijing, Shandong, Zhejiang and other regions, this study employs case induction and comparative analysis to systematically examine their major types, construction and operational models, and development pathways, and to distill their common operational mechanisms. [Results/Conclusions] The findings indicate that new rural public cultural spaces encompass diverse types, including public reading spaces, art promotion spaces, local cultural exhibition spaces, culture-tourism integration spaces and digital cultural experience spaces. In terms of construction and operational models, three main governance structures have emerged: government-led construction with diversified operation, society-led construction and operation, and multi-stakeholder collaborative co-construction and co-management. These models exhibit significant differences in the allocation of responsibilities and rights, resource distribution and operational approaches. Regarding development pathways, due to variations in resource endowments, development motivations and target service groups, new rural public cultural spaces demonstrate diversified development patterns, including local culture-based, industry-driven, scenic-area-embedded, eco-integrated and community-oriented models. Despite differences in construction models and development pathways, new rural public cultural spaces have gradually formed several common operational mechanisms in practice, mainly including embedded operation, localized integration, activity-driven development, multi-stakeholder collaboration, emotional narrative construction and light-asset operation. The pathways for promoting the high-quality development of new rural public cultural spaces during the 15th Five-Year Plan period mainly include the following: 1) Optimizing spatial layout. This involves strengthening the integration and functional coupling of existing public cultural facilities, promoting the cultural regeneration of idle rural buildings, and building a symbiotic matrix linking cultural spaces with cultural and tourism industry nodes, thereby embedding new rural public cultural spaces more effectively into the overall rural development system. 2) Enhancing content provision. By deeply exploring local cultural resources, distinctive cultural brands with strong local identity can be developed. At the same time, professional teams should be introduced to design themed cultural activities, forming a content ecosystem that integrates local cultural resources with modern creativity. 3) Promoting differentiated development. Functional configurations should be determined according to local cultural resource endowments and actual service needs, encouraging new rural public cultural spaces to develop differentiated positioning and complementary functions. 4) Advancing socialized operation. By further developing the "space curator" mechanism for rural cultural spaces and establishing an institutional support system aligned with socialized operation, the vitality of social participation can be effectively stimulated.

[Purpose/Significance] University libraries require efficient, data-driven academic evaluation to support management decisions. Traditional manual methods are slow, subjective, and untimely. While large language models (LLMs) offer automation potential, existing applications in this domain are limited, often focusing on auxiliary tasks and raising data security concerns with cloud-based processing. This study addresses these gaps by proposing a localized, intelligent agent for secure and interactive analysis of academic output. [Method/Process] A four-layer theoretical framework based on the DIKW model was established to guide the agent's design from data integration to wisdom generation. Grounded on the practical experience of academic evaluation services in libraries, this study systematically identified data requirements from dimensions of academic evaluation objects (institution, school, discipline, and researcher) and metrics (output, collaboration, impact, and quality), and formulated a metadata scheme to integrate bibliographic data, indexing data and evaluation data into a single structured table for research papers. A localized agent was implemented using open-source tools: Chainlit for the conversational interface, LangChain with the Kimi-K2-0905-Preview LLM as the core, and the ReAct framework to enable an iterative "Thought-Action-Observation" loop for complex reasoning and self-correction. The agent employs Text-to-SQL technology to translate natural language queries into executable PostgreSQL statements. Comprehensive prompt engineering was conducted to guide the LLM in accurate SQL generation, handling challenges such as data deduplication, multi-value fields, and entity disambiguation. This enables dynamic intent interpretation, multi-step data retrieval and validation, and output generation combining visualizations and structured reports. [Results/Conclusions] The agent was evaluated using a test dataset of over 30 000 structured academic papers and a multi-dimensional set of 20 test queries covering various evaluation scenarios and complex composite questions. The agent achieved a 100% final accuracy rate. The initial query accuracy was 85%, with errors primarily related to recognizing informal entity names (e.g., abbreviations). All errors were autonomously corrected within one ReAct iteration, demonstrating effective self-repair. Comparative analysis against two general-purpose data analysis agents showed the proposed agent's superior accuracy and stability, particularly in handling entity disambiguation and complex multi-turn tasks. The study confirms that the locally-deployed intelligent agent provides an effective, secure, and interactive solution for academic output analysis, successfully bridging natural language queries with precise data retrieval. Limitations include the evaluation's primary focus on data retrieval accuracy rather than narrative quality, and a test scope limited to core academic evaluation queries. Future work will expand the agent's capabilities to support diverse research outputs (e.g., patents and monographs), enhance visualization integration, and enable customizable report template generation.

[Purpose/Significance] Unleashing the consumption potential of rural residents plays a pivotal role in expanding domestic demand and cultivating new economic growth points. The digital economy, driven by data elements as the core force, is gradually becoming a key engine to activate the consumption potential of urban and rural areas in China and promote consumption upgrading. National Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zones (NBDCPZs), with their "agglomeration of data elements, cross-domain collaborative empowerment, and precise service matching", continuously meet the personalized and diversified consumption demands of rural residents, and have unique value in unleashing the consumption potential of rural residents. [Method/Process] After conducting a theoretical analysis of the impact of the NBDCPZs on the consumption potential of rural residents, this study formulates corresponding research hypotheses. This study uses data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) from 2010 to 2022 and considers the "National Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zones" policy as a quasi-natural experiment. On the basis of measuring rural residents' consumption potential using the propensity score matching (PSM) method, the difference-in-differences (DID) method is employed to evaluate the impact of NBDCPZs construction on rural residents' consumption potential. [Results/Conclusions] The research findings are as follows: 1) After balancing the endowment characteristics of urban and rural households via the PSM method, the per capita consumption expenditure of rural residents was found to be 2 255.23 yuan less than that of urban residents. This indicates that rural areas still have enormous untapped consumption potential. 2) The construction of NBDCPZs significantly promotes the release of rural residents' consumption potential, and this conclusion remains robust after undergoing the parallel trend test, placebo test, counterfactual test, addition of fixed effects, and exclusion of the impacts of other policies. 3) An analysis of heterogeneity across sample household and regional characteristics reveals that the effect of NBDCPZs construction on unlocking rural residents' consumption potential is particularly prominent in eastern China, and is more salient in rural households with a male household head, low income, and middle-aged composition. 4)The mechanism of action indicates that the "National Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zones" policy releases the consumption potential of rural residents by increasing their income levels and enhancing technological progress in rural areas. Furthermore, household debt exerts a positive moderating effect on the process of releasing rural residents' consumption potential through the construction of the National Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zones. Based on the research conclusions, the following countermeasures and suggestions are put forward: 1) Advance the differentiated layout and integrated application of rural digital infrastructure; 2) Establish a long-term mechanism for enhancing rural residents' digital literacy; 3) Optimize the income increase system for rural residents and consolidate the foundation for consumption upgrading.