The open access movement generates a huge amount of open resources, which provides new opportunities for library resource development and services, and also allows libraries to think about how to survive in the wave of OA development. Under the impetus of many academic subjects, the connotation and extension of open resources are continuously expanding, and the development trend is still rapid with the feature of large number, various types, and high openness. In the library's exploration of open resource development, the research priorities are put on the reuse model and construction strategy. The National Science Library of Chinese Academy of Sciences has built GoOA and OAinONE, the distributed and integrated open knowledge resource content system and service systems in different stages from the aspects of overall framework, building mode and reuse models in its practices of open resource development. While, creating innovative resource construction models and reuse services is still the direction of open resources development in the future.

[Purpose/Significance] The theme of the 10th China OA Week is "the significance and impact of Open Science", which marks that China's most important open access platform has transferred to the theme of Open Science, and it meets the needs of the development trend. [Method/Process] Many experts and representatives at home and abroad were invited to discuss the objectives, key issues, practical cases and development suggestions of Open Science. [Results/Conclusions] The conference issued a call for the construction of China's open and innovative ecology, and preliminarily outlined the development status of China's Open Science. In response to the national requirements for promoting the development of Open Science, China OA week and its research results will continue to help promote the Open Science movement in China.

[Purpose/Significance] With the continuous development of the open access (OA) movement, bibliodiversity is being analyzed and discussed within the framework of global open science strategy. In an inclusive knowledge society, information and knowledge resources should be readily available, interpreted and utilized in appropriate languages and formats. Established in 2019, the Global Alliance of Open Access Scholarly Communication Platforms (GLOALL) mainly includes six national journal publishing platforms, whose establishment and promotion will become a form of bibliodiversity and open access movement. The policies, resources and services of GLOALL's platforms reflect the emphasis on diversity in regions, languages, and academic evaluations, and are conducive to the collision and compatibility of multiple cultures and ideas emphasized by bibliodiversity. [Method/Process] Based on the theory of bibliodiversity research and combined with current OA practice, this paper mainly explains, compares and analyzes the policies, resources and services of GLOALL platforms. The concept of bibliodiversity was first proposed by Chilean publishers, during the creation of the "Editores independientes de Chile" collective in the late 1990s. Besides, "the International Declaration of Independent Publishers 2014" defined it as "cultural diversity applied to the world of books", that is, the critical diversity of products (books, scripts, eBooks, apps and oral literature) made available to readers. Re-examining the OA movement shows that OA under different paths should develop together and complement each other when necessary, rather than just encouraging and promoting one mode. [Results/Conclusions] The GLOALL platforms have similarities in strategic goals and construction principles, like promoting local scientific research, global OA and bibliodiversity. However, since each platform is not systematically constructed in a standardized way and is aimed at different countries or regions, there are differences in specific aspects such as policy formulation, resource construction and service operation. For this reason, these platforms are designed according to the actual situation and publishing needs of their respective countries, and form synergy through alliances to balance the global OA publishing pressure from some international publishing groups. In essence, this publishing market emphasis on the inclusiveness of global OA. The construction experience of GLOALL has certain reference significance for China to promote OA and build high-end academic exchange platforms. On the one hand, the GLOALL members are all national OA publishing platforms, promoting the OA movement through international cooperation to find a balance between unity and diversity, and between international development and local development. They have a positive effect on forming an academic exchange ecology that can not only develop bibliodiversity, but also support international academic research. More importantly, building platforms is a means, while exerting international influence is the goal. At present, green OA has the alliances such as COAR. While as for golden OA, in addition to transforming academic journals into OA, uniting the world's national open publishing platforms is another way. Therefore, research on GLOALL in terms of policies, resources, service can help China better grasp the opportunities in the OA movement, fill the gaps in the current service mechanism, and explore more suitable OA modes.

[Purpose/Significance] At present, there is relatively little research on the open science (OS) policy at the level of scientific research institutions in China, while some preliminary explorations have been made abroad. The text analysis of OS policies of representative scientific research institutions and lessons drawn from their policy making experience can provide a good reference for the formulation of OS policies by Chinese scientific research institutions. It gives play to the main role of scientific research institutions in the OS process, and promotes the practice of OS from bottom to top. [Method/Process] Based on the perspective of policy tools, this paper uses the content analysis method to conduct quantitative analysis on 12 OS policy texts published by international scientific research institutions. It establishes an X-Y two-dimensional analysis framework for OS policy of scientific research institutions. The content analysis categories are as follows: policy instrument dimension (X dimension) - authority, incentive, symbol and exhortation, capacity building, and system change; OS content factor dimension (Y dimension) - open content, open process, open infrastructure, and open cooperation. This paper carries out research through the X-Y two-dimensional analysis framework, aiming to reveal the use of policy tool preferences and policy content focus on the tendency, refining the key factors of research institutions' OS policy, putting forward the policy tool optimization strategy and providing insights into Chinese scientific research institutions in formulating OS policies. [Results/Conclusions] From the dimension of policy tools, capacity building tools are more used, followed by authority tools, and other policy tools are less used. From the dimension of OS content elements, the eight themes of open data, open access, OS education and training, open cooperation, open evaluation, open infrastructure, open incentive and citizen science are the main concerns in the OS policies issued by international research institutions. The use of OS policy tools in scientific research institutions should coordinate with each other, optimize the combination of policy tools; try to solve the actual problems, strengthen the internal balance of policy tools; adjust measures to local conditions and make full use of differences in policy tools. In formulating OS policies, scientific research institutions should further integrate themselves into the international OS tide, understand the development trend, and ensure the forward-looking of policies; adjust and optimize the organizational structure, clarify the division of responsibilities, and promote open scientific practice in an overall way; the core elements and key issues of OS policies should be grasped when formulating policies; and in the process of policy formulation and implementation, they should ensure the investment of funds, as well as timely dynamic adjustment.

[Purpose/Significance] Open science is shaping a new academic innovation ecology, aiming to promote open exchange and use of knowledge, emphasize open and cooperative research methods, and thus accelerate scientific innovation. Open innovation emphasizes the flow of knowledge across organizational boundaries. Both of them have obvious internal consistency and regard the free flow of knowledge as the driving factor of innovation. However, there are few studies on the relationship between open science and open innovation at present. They are often studied separately in the scientific research environment and the enterprise environment, ignoring the common role and integration of the two in the open innovation ecology. This paper aims to analyze the consistency of the connotation of open science and open innovation, study the mechanism of open science for innovation ecology, and provide reference for building an open science innovation ecology integrating open science and open innovation, as well as for developing open science governance for scientific and technological innovation. [Method/Process] First, based on the existing connotation of open science, this paper established the connotation analysis framework of "resource-process-subject-behavior" of open science, and put forward four key elements and principles of open science: "openness of scientific knowledge resources - transparency of research process - inclusiveness of participants - collaboration of research behavior". Then it de-constructed open innovation according to the connotation analysis framework of open science, and put forward four key elements of innovation knowledge resources, innovation process, innovation subject and innovation activities, as well as the principle of transparent and open innovation knowledge resources and innovation process, and value of co-creation based on the inclusiveness of innovation subject. Finally, according to the four principles of open science, the "Open Science Spectrum" was established to clarify the consistency and synergy of both sides from the perspective of openness. Besides, in order to understand the joint action mechanism of open science and open innovation in the innovation ecology, this paper analyzes the open science innovation mechanism in different innovation stages from the perspective of innovation process, including the open science mechanism in the open science research stage, the mechanism in the technology research and development stage, the citizen science mechanism in the social inclusion stage, and the responsible innovation mechanism covering the whole process of innovation. [Results/Conclusions] The innovation ecology of open science has come into being. Open science and open innovation have consistency in connotation and synergy in openness. Under the open science innovation ecology, open science plays a role in different stages of innovation. Explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge are open and flowing in different stages of innovation, accelerating open science innovation, open innovation, public innovation and responsible innovation. The inadequacy of this paper is that the relevant research is still at the theoretical level. For example, the spectrum of open science needs to be refined to an assessable and operable granularity, and the mechanism of open science for innovation ecology also needs more cases to verify. At the same time, based on this research, we need to further explore the governance mechanism of open science under the innovation system and the linkage strategy of science, industry, society and policy under the open innovation ecology.

[Purpose/Significance] The aim of this paper is to identify open science capabilities and skills for researchers, build a capability framework of open science, and explore its development path, in order to improve the open science capabilities of team leaders and decision makers, researchers and scientific research support personnel in the open science ecosystem, and to provide reference for promoting open science and building an open science innovation ecosystem in our country. [Method/Process] In this paper, the relevant research on open science definition, open science capabilities, and competence model at home and abroad were analyzed and summarized. Based on the competency onion model, the open science capability framework was designed as three layers from the inside out: embracing open science values and principles and developing an open science mindset as the core layer, acquiring open science knowledge composed of open science elements as the second layer outside, and building open science skills embedded in the scientific research life cycle and data life cycle as the outermost layer. Then, the possible development methods were discussed. At last, libraries' role in the open science training was emphasized. [Results/Conclusions] The open science capability framework includes three dimensions. Firstly, embracing open science values, including quality and integrity, collective benefit, equity and fairness, and diversity and inclusiveness, and open science guiding principles covering transparency, scrutiny, critique and reproducibility, equality of opportunities, responsibility, respect and accountability, collaboration, participation and inclusion, flexibility and sustainability. Secondly, acquiring open science knowledge based on open science elements, including open science definitions, initiatives, best practices, implications, open access, open data (scientific research data, government data, and industry data), open scientific and technological reports, open educational resources, open scientific infrastructure (virtual and physical), open source code, open reproducible research, open peer review, open science evaluation, citizen science, and open science policy. Thirdly, building open science core competencies embedded in scientific research lifecycle and data lifecycle, including (1) open scholarly communication skills, which mean open publication literacy skills, like making the correct choices about where and how to publish their results, how and what to self-archive and how to communicate their research for scholarly and societal impact; (2) data science skills, which mean data management plan, research data management, data analysis, data sharing, and data storage skills; (3) scientific research literacy skills, which mean research management skills, research integrity and ethics skills, and legal skills; (4) citizen science skills, which mean researchers learn how to engage with citizens, and citizens learn how to conduct research. The open science capability development path includes formulating relevant policies, laws and strategic plans for skills building, strengthening open science promotion and training, and providing comprehensive support throughout the entire scientific research process. At the same time, the library is a key player in the construction of open science capacity, and should lead the design of a scientific and rational open science training system, and play an active role in promoting the paradigm shift of open science. In addition, this research has shortcomings due to time limitation, and we will continue to conduct in-depth research on open science capabilities and refine its indicators, in order to provide theoretical basis and reference for libraries to design open science training system and promote open science training in China.

[Purpose/Significance] The development of open science still faces many data ethical problems, and there is an urgent need to explore the ethical guidelines for data handling that are compatible with the open science innovation ecology. The establishment of ethical guidelines is essential to create a favorable open science innovation ecology for data handling that match the construction of open science innovation ecology, and guide the participants in the open science innovation ecology to act in accordance with legal regulations and ethical norms in the process of data creation, sharing, dissemination, and utilization, and restraining data handling behaviors for the good and benefit of society. [Method/Process] This study first uses literature research and content analysis, based on relevant laws, guidelines, draft frameworks, policies and typical data management models on data handling ethics, from a universal perspective, based on the practice of data acquisition, storage, management, use and destruction, for social data in a broad sense, while taking into account a part of scientific research data, correlating and integrating different guidelines, seeking common themes and contents among existing guidelines, and summarizing the general dimensions and highly recognized guidelines. This study summarizes the general dimensions of ethical guidelines for data handling and the contents of the guidelines with high recognition. Second, this study combines the concept of open science and the needs of national social development, and distills the needs of ethical guidelines for data handling in the open science innovation ecosystem from the latest domestic planning policies and the connotation of open science. Finally, this study synthesizes and compares the two results through matrix analysis, and analyzes the framework of ethical guidelines for data handling in the construction of open science innovation ecology from the perspectives of commonality and characteristics, and synergy between guideline contents and policies and concepts. [Results/Conclusions] The existing ethical guidelines for data handling have high applicability in the open science innovation ecology, but still need dynamic expansion. Combining the concept of open science and the development needs of national society, this study proposes a framework of ethical guidelines for data handling in the open science innovation ecology, including three dimensions and 15 elements of long-term governance, coordination and order, and systematic science, aiming to serve the further development of the text of ethical guidelines for data handling adapted to the development of the open science innovation ecology in China and to provide some reference for data management in institutions.

[Purpose/Significance] How to accelerate science and technology cooperation and build an open innovative ecology effectively requires solutions that keep up with the times. UNESCO launched the Recommendation on Open Science (the Recommendation in brief) as an international standard-setting instrument for the implementation of open science in its member states. Thus, the vision set by the document will be a new paradigm for scientific research. It is necessary to introduce the process of the creation of this instrument on open science, the value of the standard-setting instrument and its main elements. Therefore, the paper analyzes the inclusiveness of this international normative instrument on open science, puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, provides references for the formulation of the implementation plan of open science at the national level, and also helps people correctly understand the value of open science and better participate in the implementation of the related proposals at the national level and in the global network. [Methods/Process] Before being adopted by UNESCO in 2021, the draft UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science went through the expert-based group discussion, global online consultation, regional consultation, and debate in the intergovernmental panel. Through literature research this study first reviews the process, connotation and principles of the formulation of the document, and then analyzes the challenges that may be encountered in the implementation of the Recommendation at the national level. [Results/Conclusions] Inclusiveness is a fundamental principle of open science that permeates the entire process of developing the Recommendation. It provides a non-binding international framework for promoting international cooperation in science and technology. The long-term value of the Recommendation is to make science more inclusive, transparent, collaborative and accessible. The values and principles of open science must be adhered to in practice by designing a system of participation, relevance, sharing, and innovation. The specific implementation of the Recommendation at the national level requires research and breakthroughs in policy, infrastructure, open mechanisms, capacity building, evaluation and demonstration criteria, including creating a policy environment conducive to open science, strengthening the capacity-building of facilities, platforms and talent conducive to open science, and organizing international cooperation aimed at dealing with major issues and challenges. Therefore, the road map of implementing open science through open access to data, information, results, and the sharing of research processes and facilities should be guided by the problems between science and societal needs.

[Purpose/Significance] In this paper, we aim to investigate different stakeholders for their attitudes about and opinions of open access publishing, in order to explore the basic consensus and make an overall judgment of China's gold open access, which is expected to serve as a reference for the national policy and implementation path of open access publishing in China. [Method/Process] We carried out a questionnaire survey to researchers, editors and librarians about their recognition and acceptance of gold open access. [Results/Conclusions] All stakeholders hold a positive attitude towards gold open access. More than 60% of researchers, journal editors and librarians support that academic papers should be open, and researchers should not be charged twice for reading these papers. The three parties all pay more attention to the policy, platform construction and financial support of open access, which plays a better role in maximizing public interests. The future development trend of open access has been cleared with the introduction and promotion of open access. It is necessary to consider solutions in line with the national conditions to elements including the relevant policies, open access publishing funds, and platforms, so as to promote the open process of academic communication in China.

[Purpose/Significance] On the basis of sorting out the concepts of open science and open scholarly communication system, we analyze the current situation of open science research at home and abroad in the past ten years, compare similarities and differences between these studies, and propose research recommendations to provide theoretical references for further promoting open science research and practice in China. [Methodology/Process] Using the literature research method and the network survey method, combined with CiteSpace visualization software, we conducted visualization and measurement research on the current situation of open science research at home and abroad in the past ten years, summarized the themes =, and finally put forward the future research outlook of open science in China through the comparative analysis of the content research themes at home and abroad. [Results/Conclusions] The current open science research in China needs to further expand research perspectives, deepen theoretical systems, and strengthen empirical research. It is recommended that future domestic research strives to: (1) expand research perspectives and promote comprehensive and in-depth theoretical research; (2) delve into methodological techniques and improve open science infrastructure; (3) promote theory transformation and strengthen empirical research in open science; and (4) strengthen the promotion of the concept and call for wider participation in the open science process.

[Purpose/Significance] The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China and the agricultural administrative departments of various provinces play a major role in promoting agricultural and rural big data development. This paper aims to learn, analyze and evaluate the data publishing, sharing, standardization and applications by investigating the open governmental agricultural data in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the mainland of China, and propose suggestions for improvement accordingly. [Method/Process] We investigated the open government platforms built by 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), sorted out the content published in these platforms, and standardized and summarized the investigation data. We made an analysis based on the update time of data, license of data applications, and download of data. Meanwhile, combined with FAIR data principles, we evaluated the data from the findability, accessibility, interoperability and reuse of the data.[Results/Conclusions] At present, the management, publishing and sharing of agricultural data in China is at an elementary stage. Although various governments formulated regulations and policies, the implementation of these regulations and policies is unsatisfactory. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China should join hands with the agricultural administrative departments of various provinces to promote the opening and use of government agricultural data. Meanwhile, they should be in line with the construction mode of the international open government data and improve their capabilities in data publishing, management and services.

[Purpose/Significance] This paper systematically reviews the current situation and characteristics of major agricultural open scientific data resources, so as to provide references for a "digital government" to manage and use scientific data. [Method/Process] The concept and connotation of agricultural scientific data were determined, and the investigation and analysis were carried out from four dimensions: resource type and data format, the scope of a subject field, the method of knowledge organization and the service mode. Based on a survey of government agents, agricultural research institutions, universities and agricultural library and information institutions, this paper investigated important agricultural science data websites and platforms constructed by those organizations, and selected 165 Chinese papers and 167 English papers as supplementary references. [Results/Conclusions] Based on the needs of macro and meso management of agricultural science and technology, it is suggested to give full play to the role of scientific research institutions, universities, libraries and information institutions, governments and enterprises in terms of their advantages in resources and specific subject fields, collect and integrate multi-type and multi-discipline heterogeneous scientific data resources, strengthen the internal association and integration of data, and provide support for the transformation of a digital government.

[Objective/Significance] Whether a country enters the open science and how to choose the path, it is urgent to provide the decision-making methods. [Method/Process] As a national science policy, open science can be planned and implemented by way of road map. This paper analyzes the characteristics of the six international open science roadmaps in their release, content and effect evaluation, and puts forward a decision-making method for a national open science road. [Results/Conclusions] The formation of the open science roadmap is influenced by many factors such as the national medium and long-term opening plan, supporting infrastructure and other factors. The implementation contents include the country's current situation, future plan and specific measures, which will ultimately improve the open maturity level and influence of a country or region's scientific research. Based on these characteristics, a decision-making model of the national open science process is preliminarily constructed, covering the decision-making contents of different stages (before the process, in process and after the process) in the implementation of open science, and a "three-step" decision-making process of open science is designed. This paper briefly mentions the next step of open science in China and the roles that libraries can play.

[Purpose/Significance] The novel coronavirus pneumonia has accelerated the changes in the way of information resources construction and information acquisition, and has greatly stimulated the development of open access activities. To grasp the trend of information resources construction in the post epidemic era, we observed the open access developments during the epidemic period. [Method/Process] Using website survey method to obtain and analyze the overseas open access developments. [Results/Conclusions] During the epidemic period, the trend of open access was mainly reflected in six aspects: the large-scale increase of capital investment, the construction and improvement of network infrastructure, the opening and integration of network resources, the innovation of online resource service, the cooperation and co-construction of various departments and institutions, and the accelerating of the development of open access.

[Purpose/Significance] The process of open science has affected the development of OA journals, and this paper discusses the objective of OA journals' adaptive development and the measures to take with the aim to provide references for China's journal publication. [Method/Process] This paper analyzed the development characteristics of OA journals since 2017, sorted out the internal reform factors and external pressure factors of the journals, analyzed the main challenges, and discussed the development opportunities of OA journals in the roadmap of open science, and initially considered the future open access and open science practice in China. [Results/Conclusions] OA journals occupy an important position in the process of open science, but open science is more than open access. Global OA journals have strengthened the mechanism of knowledge sharing and their knowledge utilization ability to adapt to the requirements of scientific research. But they are also subject to preprints, OA2020/PlanS, Projekt DEAL, open conversion, APC monitoring, and pressure from different stakeholders, open technology, and the value of the challenge. In the implementation of open science, OA journals should strengthen their cooperation with funders and actively explore their own open science value-added capabilities. These also serve as one of the basis for the OA transformation of publishing industry, OA game strategy adjustment of libraries and open scientific practice in China.

[Purpose/Significance] This paper investigates and analyzes the advances of open access (OA) publishing of academic books in the past ten years, to provide reference for the exploration of OA publishing of academi books in China. [Methods/Process] Taking the data of the OA books discovery platform DOAB and the websites of major publishing institutions as samples, this paper analyzes the global progress of academic books OA publishing and the development trend of its modes, and puts forward the implementating suggestions on the academic books OA publishing in the context of the China's strategy of building up the strength of the nation through cultural development. [Results/Conclusions] The suggestions include exploring a new cultural mode of academic books OA publishing with the social benefits as the top priority, implementing OA publishing to enhance the level of public cultural services and cultural international influence, and attempting the OA publishing of academic books based on the national publishing funds.

[Purpose/Significance] The global rise of the Open Science Movement has greatly promoted the academic dissemination and the uptakes of scientific research results. As an important means of advancing the Movement of Open Science, openness and sharing is key to promoting the development of global agricultural science and technology. By reviewing the practice of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) for opening up and sharing global agricultural scientific and technological information resources under an open environment, it provides reference for promoting the opening-up and sharing of agricultural scientific and technological information resources and the conversion and utilization of scientific research results in China.[Method/Process] Through a multi-dimensional review of the practice progress of FAO in promoting the opening-up and sharing of international agricultural scientific and technological information resources, the main steps are to take the lead in the construction and active implementation of Agricultural Information Management Standards (AIMS) and multi-channel openness and sharing of multilingual thesaurus AGROVOC, and elaboration on the construction and operation of the International System for Agricultural Science and Technology (AGRIS). [Results/Conclusions] Based on the experience gained by FAO to promote the opening-up and sharing of international agricultural scientific and technological information resources, we summarize some useful suggestions for improving the openness and sharing of agricultural scientific and technological information resources in China from the aspects of the establishment of a standardized management system, improvement of the capability development and promotion of international cooperation.

[Purpose/Significance] This study aims to analyze the relationship between open science and intellectual property rights (IPRs) and systematically sort out the main intellectual property problems in open science, so as to provide reference for further promoting the formulation of intellectual property laws and policies in open science. [Methods/Process] This paper mainly adopts the methods of literature review and bibliometric analysis. Based on the analysis of the related work on open science and IPRs, we explore the relationship between them and identify the main intellectual property problems and coping strategies in open science. [Results/Conclusions] Conflicts exist between open science and IPRs, but the conflicts are not unavoidable. Both sides should get involved in forming a positive interaction atmosphere, and establish the IPR system which can be adapted to open science. Currently, the major problems of IPRs in open science are focused on copyrights and patent rights. Meanwhile, hotspot issues include how to ensure a scientist is given preference if he or she is the first to make scientific discoveries and how to protect data owners' rights.