关键词: 主题图, 近代报纸资源, 知识组织, 知识元

Abstract: [Purpose/Significance] Modern newspapers, as valuable data for the research of modern Chinese history, have extremely high historical value and literature value. However, the knowledge correlation degree of modern newspaper resources is at a low level, displaying the resource "island" phenomenon, and it has not yet formed a complete knowledge system and structure, leading to the inability of users to quickly locate the target content during the retrieval, which results in the relatively low utilization rate of newspaper resources. Therefore, we use the topic map technology to organize the newspapers to achieve the resource chain expansion, knowledge aggregation and in-depth knowledge organization and development. [Method/Process] This paper incorporated the knowledge element concept into the construction of the topic map to extract and describe the attributes of modern newspaper resources in terms of the form and content characteristics. At the content level, the contents of the modern newspapers are divided into political theme, economic theme, military theme, social activities, poetry, and natural disaster, and we defined five categories of "knowledge element", namely person, institution, time, space, and office, in order to draw the "topic-knowledge element-resource" map of modern newspaper resources, which expresses the association between knowledge entities. Then, based on the technology of topic map, the topic types of newspaper resources were selected, the relationships between topics and occurrences were determined, and a complete topic map of newspaper resources was constructed with the Ontopia tool, so as to realize the knowledge aggregation of newspaper resources. We constructed the topic map with "Shengjing Times" as an example. [Results/Conclusions] The topic map has many advantages in the knowledge organization. For example, it is open in the topic types definition, free of standard constraints and more extended; its relationship expressions are more specific and practical to meet users' needs; it intuitively shows the knowledge structure of modern newspaper resources; it supports complex topic word semantic retrieval, and provides labels function to improve users' retrieval efficiency, which have an important practical application value for modern newspaper resources organization and navigation. Based on the topic map, we introduced the knowledge element concept into the modern newspaper resources organization, which is conducive to the personalized navigation and efficient utilization of newspaper resources, and provides a reference path for the in-depth organization of newspaper resources. In addition, due to the limited length, this paper only takes Shengjing Times as an example. In the workplace, there is far more than one topic map, so in the future work, we may consider merging multiple topic maps according to the practical needs.

Key words: topic map, modern newspaper resources, knowledge organization, knowledge element