人才队伍结构特征测度及与高校学科发展的关联分析

doi:10.13998/j.cnki.issn1002-1248.21-0402

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的/意义]科技人才是高校学科建设的主体,对人才队伍结构及其发展特征进行分析和测度,有利于总结国际一流高校学科人才队伍发展规律,分析其对高校学科长期发展的影响,为中国高校学科建设提供参考。[方法/过程]利用科学计量、社会网络分析等方法,基于学科论文数据,构建出高校学科人才队伍结构特征分析和测度体系。包含人才队伍内部结构、稳定性、研究内容关联程度与内部合作等4个层面特征共12个指标。通过构建人才队伍结构特征与高校学科生产力、影响力之间的关联模型,分析人才队伍结构对高校学科发展的影响,并以计算机科学10所国际一流高校2001—2020年的数据进行实证分析。[结果/结论]研究发现,人才队伍结构不同特征与高校学科生产力之间的关联关系不显著,但对学科整体影响力具有不同程度的影响。其中,主要成员间研究内容的关联性及合作的紧密程度对学科影响力具有明显的促进作用;队伍主要成员的稳定性对高校学科表现也具有一定程度的影响;而顶级人才占比等内部构成结构等特征与学科影响力关联相对较弱。基于此,提出高校在学科发展过程中,应加强队伍主要成员的稳定性、在研究内容的关联性与合作的紧密程度,形成相对稳定和联系紧密的核心研究团队,才能持续提升学科发展水平。

关键词: 学科发展, 人才队伍, 合作网络, 多元线性回归

Abstract: [Purpose/Significance] Researchers are the main force of discipline construction in universities. Analyzing and measuring the characteristics of talent team structure and their development is conducive to summarizing the laws of discipline talent team in world-class universities, and analyzing its influence on the long-term development of disciplines, which can provide guidance for universities' discipline construction in China. [Method/Process] A structural characteristics analysis and measurement system of talent team was constructed based on papers published in different fields of research, and by using the methods of scientometrics, and social network analysis. There are 12 indicators in total, which include 4 aspects: internal structure, stability, correlation of research content and internal cooperation of talent team. Then, the correlation models between the characteristics of talent team structure and the productivity, influence of disciplines are constructed to analyze the influences of talent team structures on the development of disciplines in universities. The data of 10 world-class universities in computer science from 2001 to 2020 are used for empirical analysis. [Results/conclusions] The study shows that the correlation between the different characteristics of talent team structure and discipline productivity is not significant, but it has different influences on the overall influence of disciplines. Among them, the relevance of research content and the close degree of cooperation among the main members have obvious promotion effect on discipline influence. The stability of the main team members also has a certain degree of influence on the discipline performance. However, the internal structure and other characteristics, such as the proportion of top talent, are relatively weak in relation to discipline influence. Based on this, it is proposed that in the process of discipline development, universities should strengthen the stability of the main team members, the relevance of research contents and the closeness of cooperation, and form stable and closely linked core research teams, so as to continuously improve the level of discipline development.

Key words: discipline development, talent team, cooperation network, multiple linear regression

中图分类号:

G255

张发亮, 林约佩, 董文平, 翟伟. 人才队伍结构特征测度及与高校学科发展的关联分析[J]. 农业图书情报学报, 2021, 33(6): 81-93.

ZHANG Faliang, LIN Yuepei, DONG Wenping, ZHAI Wei. Measurement of Talent Team Structure Characteristics and Its Correlation with Discipline Development in Universities[J]. Journal of Library and Information Science in Agriculture, 2021, 33(6): 81-93.

参考文献

[1] 余厚强, 白宽, 邹本涛, 等. 人工智能领域科研团队识别与领军团队提取[J]. 图书情报工作, 2020, 64(20): 4-13.
YU H Q, BAI K, ZOU B T.Identification and extraction of research team in the artificial intelligence field[J]. Library and information service, 2020, 64(20): 4-13.
[2] ABRAMO G, D'ANGELO C, SOLDATENKOVA A. The ratio of top scientists to the academic staff as an indicator of the competitive strength of universities[J]. 2018: 1-16.
[3] 廖青云, 朱东华, 汪雪锋, 等. 科研团队的多样性对团队绩效的影响研究[J]. 科学学研究, 2020(8): 1-18.
LIAO Q Y, ZHU D H, WANG X F, et al.A study of the impact of diversity in research teams on team performance[J]. Studies in science of science, 2020(8): 1-18.
[4] 魏立才, 黄祎. 学术流动对回国青年理工科人才科研生产力的影响研究——基于Web of science论文分析[J]. 高等工程教育研究, 2020(1): 67-73.
WEI L C, HUANG Y.On the influence of academic mobility on the scientific research productivity of returned young science & engi-neering talents[J]. Higher engineering education research, 2020(1): 67-73.
[5] JONKERS K, CRUZ-CASTRO L.Research upon return: the effect of international mobility on scientific ties, production and impact[J]. Research policy, 2013, 42(8): 1366-1377.
[6] 沈佚葳, 李琦, 郭筱薇, 等. 医院学科建设与人才队伍合理性之间的关系[J]. 中华医学科研管理杂志, 2018, 31(4): 292-296.
SHEN Y W, LI Q, GUO X W, et al.The relationship between disci-pline and talent team in a hospital[J]. Chinese journal of medical research management, 2018, 31(4): 292-296.
[7] LYKOURENTZOU I, ANTONIOU A, NAUDET Y.Matching or crashing? Personality-based team formation in crowdsourcing environments[J]. Computer science, 2015, 2(1): 1-14.
[8] AZOULAY P, ZIVIN J G, WANG J.Superstar extinction[J]. Social science electronic publishing, 2010, 125(2): 549-589.
[9] 李幼军, 景琴玲. 高校科研团队学术合作对绩效影响的量化研究[J]. 财会通讯, 2020(13): 172-176.
LI Y J, JING Q L.Quantitative research on the impact of academic cooperation of university research team on performance[J]. Accounting newsletter, 2020(13): 172-176
[10] 黄超, 王雅林. 大学学科团队的网络结构及其度量[J]. 高等工程教育研究, 2012(6): 120-124.
CHAO H, WANG Y.Network structure and its measurement of university disciplinary team[J]. Research in higher education of engineering, 2012(6): 120-124.
[11] 郑云涛. 基于作者合作网络的高校科研团队稳定性和凝聚力分析——以浙江农林大学为例[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2020, 48(9): 246-249.
ZHENG Y T.Analysis of the stability and cohesion of scientific research teams based on the author cooperation networks-A case of scientific research team of Zhejiang agricultural and forestry university[J]. Journal of Anhui agricultural sciences, 2020, 48(9): 246-249.
[12] 阮鹏, 刘卫华, 彭云. 科研创新团队成员适宜度评价研究[J]. 中华医学科研管理杂志, 2019(3): 210-213.
RUAN P, LIU W H, PENG Y.Research on suitability evaluation of team members of scientific research and innovation team[J]. Chinese journal of medical research management, 2019(3): 210-213.
[13] 张崴, 王续琨. 研究型大学科研团队结构对团队创造力影响的实证研究[J]. 软科学, 2014, 28(3): 93-96.
ZHANG W, WANG X K.Empirical study of the influence of team structure on team creativity in research universities' research teams[J]. Soft science, 2014, 28(3): 93-96.
[14] 刘先红. 科研团队的成员合作特征分析[J]. 知识管理论坛, 2016, 1(4): 283-292.
LIU X.Analysis of collaboration characteristics among members in research teams[J]. Knowledge management forum, 2016, 1(4): 283-292.
[15] 俞立平, 潘云涛, 武夷山. 科研机构总量评价指标的改进研究——基于规模、质量、均衡的视角[J]. 图书情报工作, 2010, 54(24): 27-30, 84.
YU L P, PAN Y T, WU Y S.Study on summary evaluation indicator optimization of research institution - Based on the views of scale, quality and balance[J]. Library and information service, 2010, 54(24): 27-30, 84.
[16] 张剑虹. 引发科研人员队伍不稳定因素的研究[J]. 中国卫生人才, 2012(11): 81-83.
ZHANG J.Study on the factors that cause the instability of scientific research personnel[J]. Chinese health talents, 2012(11): 81-83.
[17] 邱均平, 刘国徽, 董克. 基于合作分析的知识聚合与学科知识结构研究——以国内知识管理领域为例[J]. 情报理论与实践, 2014, 37(8): 6-11.
QIU J P, LIU G H, DONG K.Research on the knowledge aggrega-tion and subject knowledge structure based on collaboration analy-sis: a case of the field of knowledge management in China[J]. In-formation studies: Theory & application, 2014, 37(8): 6-11.