关键词: 数字素养, 城乡居民, 获得感, 数字社会参与, PLS-SEM模型, 中介效应, 北京市

Abstract:

[Purpose/Significance] As digital technologies continue to advance, digital literacy has evolved from an emerging skill to a fundamental capability for survival for urban and rural residents alike. The link between digital literacy and residents' sense of gain has gradually become a key way to assess the effectiveness of Digital China initiatives. [Method/Process] This study selected urban and rural residents in Beijing as the research subjects, and used 3,926 survey questionnaires as samples to empirically analyze the impact effect and mechanism of digital literacy on urban and rural residents' sense of gain. First, based on the theoretical definition of digital literacy and the sense of gain of urban and rural residents, a system of indicator encompassing digital literacy and the sense of gain of urban and rural residents was constructed. Then, the impact mechanism of digital literacy on the sense of gain of urban and rural residents is analyzed theoretically. Second, based on questionnaire survey data from 16 districts in Beijing, a more comprehensive and complex model was established using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) after measuring the digital literacy level of urban and rural residents in Beijing. The impact path of digital literacy on the sense of gain was systematically analyzed, the mediating effect of digital social participation was verified, and further multi-group analysis was conducted from multiple perspectives such as education level, age, and urban-rural differences, revealing the boundary and intensity differences of the impact of digital literacy on the sense of gain. The aim is to provide the government with a theoretical reference for formulating relevant development policies, and to offer other regions forward-looking experience to draw upon. [Results/Conclusions] First, digital literacy has a positive impact on the spiritual, political, economic, and livelihood gains of urban and rural residents, exhibiting a gradient effect. Specifically, the impact on spiritual gains (0.348) is greater than that on livelihood gains (0.330), economic gains (0.279), and political gains (0.249). This finding breaks through the traditional research focus on a single dimension of gains by systematically confirming the enhancing effect of digital literacy on the high-order, multidimensional gains in the areas of spirituality, economics, politics, and livelihood. Second, digital social participation plays a significant mediating role in the process of digital literacy influencing the four types of sense of gain. 21% to 30% of the impact of digital literacy on sense of gain is achieved by activating the digital social participation of urban and rural residents. Moreover, there are differences among different mediating effects, with digital social participation having the highest mediating effect on political sense of gain (30.1%) and the lowest mediating effect on people's livelihood sense of gain (21.8%). Third, there are differentiated adjustments in the effects of demographic characteristics such as urban-rural, age, and education on the path of digital literacy influencing the sense of gain. Among them, the differences between urban and rural groups and education groups are more prominent in key dimensions such as spiritual, political, and people's livelihood, while the influence of age groups is relatively limited.

Key words: digital literacy, urban and rural residents, sense of gain, digital social participation, PLS-SEM model, mediating effect, Beijing