[Purpose/Significance] Identifying potential technological opportunities will help countries and enterprises seize scientific and technological opportunities, which is particularly important for innovation entities to enhance their core competitiveness and gain competitive advantages in scientific and technological innovation and application. A systematic review of existing research is provided on technology opportunity identification, discriminating current limitations and research prospects to provide theoretical support for further research and practice on technology opportunity identification. [Method/Process] This paper first clarifies the connotation and types of technology opportunities, and the research holds that technology opportunities can be divided into three types: emerging technology, blank technology and fusion technology. It then sorts out the research status of three different types of technology opportunity identification at home and abroad through literature review, and focuses on the summary of the characteristics of different types of technology opportunity identification. It includes the core ideas, main methods, representative literature, and each type of data sources, and evaluates the existing research results. Finally, the limitations of the current research, and the development direction of future are discussed. [Results/Conclusions] Diversified types of technology opportunity identification are found and rich research methods are used in the literature, and a relatively standardized and systematic research paradigm has come into being. By analyzing each type of technology opportunity, some common elements can be found, including representative methods, method principles, data sources, knowledge representation units, technology opportunity definitions, technology opportunity evaluation, advantages and disadvantages, and other characteristics. The main limitations of the existing research are summarized as follows. First, the existing research is primarily carried out from a single perspective view, and a complete system of cross-domain technology identification and reference methods has not yet been formed. Second, in terms of data sources, most of the data sources of technology opportunity identification are papers or patent data, and there is a lack of research on the integration of multi-source data and study on multiple relationships. In terms of identification methods, the representative technology is primarily at a macro or micro level, and the semantic relationship between words is seldom considered. Finally, in terms of post-evaluation, there is a lack of a comprehensive and systematic evaluation system. The possible research work in the future may focus on the following aspects: cross-field and cross-topic technology opportunity identification to achieve cross convergence among more technology elements will become the development trend; more diversified and targeted data sources, research methods, and research content are expected; the analysis framework and process will be more standardized, and the post-evaluation system will be improved.

[Purpose/Significance] China has entered the aging society since 2000 and China's elderly population is increasing rapidly., The degree of aging is growing severely, and the pressure on social security and public services is increasing. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the degree of aging in China will be from mild to moderate, the population structural contradiction centered on population aging is becoming increasingly prominent, and the demand structure of the elderly is changing from the survival-type to the development-type. In order to implement the national strategy and relevant national policies and regulations to actively respond to the aging population and fulfill the mission of public libraries, public libraries should further study how to better serve the elderly. [Method/Process] The paper conducts literature review of the current studies on public library services to the elderly. The main research methods in this field include questionnaire survey and case analysis. The research topics include study of the elderly, service, service system and service facility to the elderly. Among them, the research of service to elderly includes theme space and theme branch library construction, outreach service, health information service, reference service, user education and training, digital service, information literacy service, volunteer service and intergenerational service project. [Results/Conclusions] There are some problems in the existing research, such as a lack of standardization, the need to strengthen the scientific data collection method and a lack of in-depth research. In the future, efforts should be made to improve the norm of research and improve the data collection methods, such as paying attention to the rationality of sampling methods and the compatibility between the research methods and research questions, using in-depth interviews and other research methods, increasing in-depth case analysis, and comprehensively applying a variety of research methods. Efforts are needed to study the elderly group to effectively promote the match between the elderly service supply and user demand in public libraries. In order to adapt to the national conditions of aging in China and the characteristics of the elderly, efforts are needed to innovate service models from the aspects of service publicity and promotion, helping the elderly with digital intelligence, outreach service, intergenerational services, and social integration. There is also a need to evaluate the effectiveness of services to the elderly and develop the elderly service standards to provide guidelines for services for the elderly, and promote service experience. The construction of information resources adapted to the characteristics of the elderly population should be carried out to improve the level of service guarantee for the elderly.

[Purpose/Significance] Artificial intelligence generated content (AIGC)'s content creation method has brought about a new revolution to the field of library and information science (LIS). Currently, the related research is mainly based on AIGC and ChatGPT, while ERNIE bot and Bard are less studied. Comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the AIGC large language models, discussion of the operating mechanism of AIGC, and in-depth research on application solutions in the context of university libraries provide new ideas for AIGC applications in smart libraries. [Method/Process] Taking the three AIGC applications of ChatGPT, ERNIE bot and Bard as examples, starting from the Transformer model, and on the basis of in-depth analysis of the basic principles of the large language model, the comparative analysis method is used to conduct a horizontal comparison of these three applications. The research summarizes the six common features of AIGC's large language model, and points out that it can be used in improving the work efficiency of university libraries. This paper explains and identifies nine different characteristics of the AIGC large language model, and points out how to choose three applications in university libraries. According to the characteristics of each application, six scenarios-based application modes of university libraries and the advantages of AIGC applications in university libraries are pointed out. A discussion is provided on four potential risks that may be faced by libraries in using AIGC large language models, and solutions are proposed to reduce risks, providing a reference for university libraries to choose AIGC applications. [Results/Conclusions] ChatGPT focuses on natural language understanding and content generation, and has more advantages in the ability of natural language understanding, task applicability and cross-language transfer, and is more suitable for resource integration and decision-making assistance in the context of knowledge services, subject services and administrative management. ERNIE bot has hundreds of billions of super-training parameters, and it can generate multi-modal content including text, pictures and voices. It has more advantages in learning training, model expansion and Chinese comprehension, and is more suitable for optimizing services and assisting creation in the context of reader services, technical services and cultural services in university libraries. By comparison, Bard focuses on human-machine dialogue data processing, it can use natural language to communicate with people, and it is more suitable for providing 24-hour intelligent customer service, assisting subject consultation and knowledge Q&A in the context of reference consultation in university libraries. With the application of AIGC, although university libraries will face ethical risks, privacy risks, data security, and the proliferation of false knowledge, as long as artificial intelligence data governance is strengthened, in the future, university libraries will integrate the natural language understanding and generation capabilities of AIGC large language models that can expand diversified application scenarios, innovate multi-dimensional service models, optimize the business service environment, assist administrative decision-making, and improve the level of intelligent services.

[Purpose/Significance] Multiple elements such as the diversification and complexity of knowledge service scenarios, the interdisciplinary content, the subdivision and embedding of service needs, the individual wisdom of different methods, and the subjective initiative of supply and demand have all prompted university libraries to continuously promote the innovative development of their knowledge service models. Attracting, guiding, supporting and encouraging stakeholders to participate in the creation of service value has become the future development trend and an important strategic choice of innovative service models. As the stakeholders of university libraries, users are considered to be included in the knowledge service of libraries, and participate in the construction of knowledge service mode of university libraries from the perspective of value co-creation, so as to provide new ideas and new ways for the sustainable development and innovative development of knowledge services in university libraries. [Method/Process] The theory of value co-creation emphasizes the importance of users ' participation in value creation. Its core is interaction, and attaches importance to the value creation of stakeholders in the process of interaction. Therefore, users are introduced to participate in the knowledge service of university libraries to create value. Based on the theory of value co-creation, this paper integrates the elements of knowledge service mode of university libraries, and explores the architecture design and implementation process of knowledge service mode of university libraries from the perspective of value co-creation. [Results/Conclusions] The elements of the knowledge service model of university libraries from the perspective of value co-creation are composed of four parts: participants, service content, service scenarios and service means. The four elements are integrated into the architecture design of the knowledge service model of university libraries from the perspective of value co-creation. The realization process is divided into three stages: preparation stage, value action implementation stage, value evaluation and innovation stage, and the realization process is explained in detail. Based on the theory of value co-creation, it is necessary and feasible to construct the knowledge service mode of university libraries at this stage. It can better adapt to the knowledge service situation, express the user's knowledge service demand, improve the quality of knowledge service and user satisfaction, and provide reference for users to participate in the value creation of university library knowledge service with high quality. In future research, the combination of value co-creation theory will further explore the modes and methods of users' participation in university libraries knowledge services.

[Purpose/Significance] The ancient Chinese agricultural books are the main carrier of traditional agricultural experience, and represent the productivity and the essence of agricultural history in China. The value of agricultural knowledge in them has not disappeared with the progress of the times, and still has practical guidance for the problems that arise in modern agriculture. However, the ancient Chinese agricultural books are written in ancient Chinese, which are obscure and without punctuation, making them difficult to use. Semantic retrieval is a retrieval method that automatically queries and extracts relevant information from information sources at the semantic level. It can accurately capture the true intention behind user problems and conduct searches based on it, and thereby it is capable of returning more accurate and the most consistent results to users. However, currently most relevant research only focuses on major languages, and there is insufficient research on sentence embedding in ancient Chinese prose. In order to fill the gap in the field and provide scholars with more convenient methods for retrieving ancient agricultural knowledge and tracing ancient agricultural knowledge, this study is based on comparative learning methods to construct a semantic retrieval model that can automatically return the most relevant ancient agricultural paragraph with input, using vernacular Chinese as the query. [Method/Process] SikuBERT, which is based on Siku Quanshu as the training corpus, is used as the basic model. Based on the method of comparative learning, the model is continued to be trained using the self-built ancient agricultural dataset, and a semantic retrieval model that can support the use of vernacular as a query and return the ancient agricultural paragraphs most similar to the query semantics is obtained. [Results/Conclusions] The Spearman coefficient of the ancient agricultural text semantic retrieval model can achieve 86.51% performance on the test set, which is a certain degree of improvement compared to the baseline model's 83.69% performance on the test set. The recall situation on the self built ancient agricultural literature retrieval test set has been improved to a certain extent compared to the baseline model, and the model can have good retrieval results on ancient agricultural literature. However, semantic retrieval models usually require relevant semantic similarity datasets or semantic matching datasets for training. Due to the lack of large-scale and pure ancient Chinese data in the field of ancient agricultural literature, and the high cost of constructing relevant datasets requiring personnel with high-standard relevant professional qualifications, this experiment used a self-built dataset for training, which is limited by the quantity and quality of ancient agricultural language corpus data. The current semantic retrieval model for ancient agricultural literature is still not as effective as expected. In the future, we will search for training methods suitable for small samples, such as transfer learning based on cross language pre-training models to improve the retrieval performance.

[Purpose/Significance] In the ever-evolving realm of higher education, the pronounced significance of methodically evaluating talented people in scientific and technological (S&T) fields within academic institutions has risen to paramount importance. This research endeavors to intricately dissect the manifold factors of shaping the evaluation of talented people in Chinese colleges and universities. Simultaneously, it seeks to meticulously design a comprehensive indicator system custom-tailored to this unique milieu. The dual objective encompasses unraveling the intricate dynamics underpinning the evaluation of talented people in S&T fields and invigorating talent cultivation and igniting innovation in scientific research across the academic landscape. [Method/Process] Guided by a meticulous review of both domestic and international advancements in the domain of the evaluation of talented people in S&T fields in higher education, this paper diligently dissects the intricate interplay of systems, theories, methodologies, and evaluation frameworks within Chinese academic institutions. By meticulously addressing associated challenges, conducting extensive discourse on influential variables, and meticulously examining facets of S&T prowess assessment within universities, this study culminates in the construction of an evaluation indicator system tailored to the unique nature of institutions of Chinese higher education. [Results/Conclusions] The findings echo the existence of critical gaps in the ongoing evaluation of talented people in S&T fields within Chinese universities. These noteworthy limitations encapsulate the intricate equilibrium sought between objectivity and subjectivity, the imperative for indicators to be comprehensive yet operationally feasible, the mandate for assessment to be dynamic and timely, and the essentiality of embracing multi-dimensional evaluation. This compels us to chart a trajectory towards the future where the development of an evaluation system of talented people in S&T fields rests on the bedrock of data-driven and intelligent assessment paradigms. This envisioned system must incorporate multi-dimensional evaluation approaches, integrate behavioral assessment modalities, deploy dynamic evaluation mechanisms, and, equally, factor in dimensions of social influence, sustainability, and internationalization. As we navigate this academic journey, further empirical research and meticulous indicator validation exercises must be undertaken within the realm of the evaluation of talented people in S&T fields in Chinese higher education institutions. These empirical undertakings, by virtue of their in-depth insights, are poised to illuminate our path forward, serving as compasses guiding the development of talented people in S&T fields in China's academic sphere. The journey towards comprehensive evaluation necessitates data-driven intelligence, multifaceted assessment perspectives, and a clear alignment with the pulse of societal dynamics and global imperatives. The culmination of these efforts will invariably shape the trajectory of the progression of talented people in S&T fields, ensuring that they remain at the vanguard of innovation and advancement. In essence, the evaluation of talented people within Chinese higher education institutions is primed for an evolution characterized by acumen, innovation, and internationalization. Through the harmonious amalgamation of rigorous research methodologies and adaptive frameworks, the academic community is poised to craft a transformative path that enriches talent development, propels research breakthroughs, and fuels the advancement of knowledge-based societies.

[Purpose/Significance] The National Preprint Publishing Platform of China had been put into operation by the end of 2022. In order to ensure the quality of papers posted on the Platform and encourage a large number of researchers to submit articles to the Platform, it is necessary to introduce a paper quality assurance mechanism into the Platform. There are deficiencies in existing quality assurance mechanism for a preprint publishing platform. Self-organizing peer review has gradually attracted attention in recent years. In order to achieve the performance expected by the management agency of the National Preprint Publishing Platform, it is necessary to study the optimization design of key parameters of self-organizing peer review. [Method/Process] Design-expert software has been used for Box Behnken experimental design. The number of papers submitted by authors within a year, the distribution of review time, and the parameters of article review time are randomly set. The total number of papers is calculated according to the parameters of Lotka's law, and is not included in the Box-Behnken experimental sampling. We selected four key parameters of rest time, rejection rate, number of researchers, and review qualification ratio as independent variables, took three levels for each variable, and used -1, 0, +1 for coding, representing three levels of low, medium, and high, respectively. The three dependent variables for self-organizing peer review performance evaluation are the completion rate of paper review (CR), the balance of reviewer task allocation (TBD), and the average review time of the paper (A_r_time). A Box-Behnken experiment table was designed separately for each Lotka's law parameter, three repeated experiments were conducted on each key parameter combination in the table, and the summary() function and mean() function in R language were used to calculate the average performance indicators of each key parameter combination. Then, the response surface analysis was carried out on the Box-Behnken sampling data, and the quantitative relationship expression between the dependent variable of performance evaluation and the independent variable of key parameters was obtained. [Results/Conclusions] The ratio of review qualifications and reviewer rest time have greater impact on the performance of self-organized peer review, especially the ratio of review qualifications is much more important than other three key parameters. By combining different values of key parameter independent variables, the National Preprint Publishing Platform can achieve the expected self-organized peer review performance, ensuring the average quality of papers published by the Platform. In addition, because of our limited knowledge of computational resources, there is still room for improvement in simulation accuracy. If equipped with more powerful computational resources, more precise simulation calculation can be carried out based on the methods and parameters proposed in this paper.

[Purpose/Significance] As an important member of cultural memory institutions, public libraries shoulder the responsibility of protecting human cultural heritage and passing on civilization. It plays a pivotal role in the inheritance and development of cultural heritage. The active participation of public libraries will be conducive to the preservation of resources and presentation of cultural heritage, thus promoting the value reproduction of cultural heritage. This article studies the strategy for promoting China's public libraries' participation in cultural heritage, and from the perspective of ancient books preservation, it can provide reference for public libraries' participation in cultural heritage and promote the better development and utilization of cultural heritage. [Method/Process] In order to understand the concept of "cultural heritage" and the importance of public libraries in the protection of cultural heritage, this paper examined relevant policies and laws, and analyzed the necessity and feasibility of public libraries' participation in the transmission of cultural heritage in detail. At the same time, it studied the current situation of public libraries' participation in the theoretical research and practice of cultural heritage. The three cases selected in this paper, National Library, Shanghai Library and Suzhou Library, are all important units in the protection and restoration of ancient books in China, and have leadership and representativeness in the organization and application of ancient books in their collections and the innovation of digitalized ancient book services. This study focuses on three aspects: protection of ancient books and restoration projects, development and utilization of ancient books, and innovative services of digitalized ancient books through literature review and case study. Through comparative analysis, the means and shortcomings of ancient books' protection are comprehensively analyzed. [Results/Conclusions] There are several problems in the protection of ancient books in public libraries in China: the digital versions of ancient book resources are presented in a single way; the audience of ancient books is not large; and motivation for the promotion and display of ancient books is not strong enough. Suggestions are provided for promoting public librarie's participating in cultural heritage: providing more characteristic resource services and building characteristic resource databases; collaborating with other cultural institutions to develop digital humanities' platforms for cultural heritage; actively applying for cultural projects while cultivating professionals; strengthening the teaching of skills to protect cultural heritage in a wider scope; carrying out a series of activities to stimulate the public interest; strengthening the promotion and marketing of cultural heritage to create a cultural heritage brand. Admittedly, this paper still has the problem that the case study is not comprehensive enough, and it is expected that more in-depth research and analysis can be carried out in the future.

[Purpose/Significance] Geographical indications (GIs) are an important tool for local governments in China to carry out brand building of agricultural products. Brand management is a continuous systematic project involving multiple subjects. Among them, the problem of government policy attention in the field of brand management of agricultural products with GIs deserves in-depth study. This paper aims to construct a policy attention analysis model in the field of brand management of GI agricultural products based on natural language processing technology. This model provides technical support for local governments to explore the status quo of local GI agricultural products' brand management, analyze the distribution of policy attention, and assist in optimizing strategies to promote their products' brand development. [Method/Process] The study is focused on the distribution of attention paths of GI agricultural products' brand management policies from the perspective of the local government: an analysis model of brand management policies of GI agricultural products was constructed in order to support the local government to carry out the analysis of the status quo of local agricultural products' brand management and policy optimization, and provide decision-making support for the optimization of brand management measures of the local agricultural products. First, this paper built a basic corpus based on the Python crawler technology, collected authoritative public information on the Internet, utilized the domain dictionary and UIE general information extraction framework to extract the text of management measures published in local government policies, and built a database of brand management measures of GI agricultural product. Second, a classification model of brand management measures of GI agricultural products based on the Transformer model was constructed. Third, this paper built a classification model based on the Transformer model, which can classify the extracted brand management measures of agricultural products and construct the policy attention distribution map. Finally, based on the policy attention distri-bution given by the model, we can find the brand management bottlenecks and recommend countermeasures to solve the bottlenecks. [Results/Conclusions] This paper takes Yantai apples as an example for model validation. After extracting and categorizing Yantai apples' brand management data, it is found that the policy attention of Yantai apples is more con-centrated, and the measures are highly similar, with 41.1% of the text of the measures focused on the part of brand positioning and planning, 31.7% on the part of brand competitiveness enhancement, and less than 10% on the part of brand marketing and protection. It can be seen that the brand effect of Yantai apples with GIs has not been well utilized.