[Purpose/Significance] Chinese ancient books are one of the most important carriers to condense the essence of Chinese traditional culture. However, scholars have found that the database of Chinese ancient books only provides book metadata, which can only meet the basic retrieval and use needs of users, but does not dig and utilize Chinese ancient books in depth from the perspective of knowledge organization. The research in digital humanities is in the ascendant, providing an important modern scientific and technological means for the realization of knowledge correlation of Chinese ancient books. The research on the content mining and knowledge correlation of Chinese ancient books will help to improve the development level and service quality of Chinese ancient books, and promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture. [Method/Process] Through literature review and online investigation, this paper summarizes the research of Chinese ancient books' knowledge correlation from the perspective of digital humanities. Based on the research, this paper discusses the differences between traditional database and digital humanistic platforms of Chinese ancient books. First, the organization mechanism is different, and the latter has more diverse and in-depth functions. Second, the scope of collection is expanded. The latter includes not only the original documents, but also the analytical texts and extended documents of ancient books, etc. In the past, most database platforms were "digital" platforms; The digital humanistic platform of Chinese ancient books is a platform of "data", which has been upgraded from "storage" to "analysis" and "correlation". Then, the key links of Chinese ancient books' knowledge correlation are discussed, and the barriers of knowledge correlation are analyzed by examples. [Results/Conclusions] From the perspective of digital humanities, collation of Chinese ancient books has developed from document units to knowledge units by using the data analysis technology, machine learning, visualization technology, etc. The realization of knowledge correlation of Chinese ancient books starts from document organization, based on ancient book data, and its essence is knowledge organization. Knowledge correlation of Chinese ancient books can be used for local chronicles and genealogy mining, seal knowledge network discovery, research context and communication analysis of scholars in specific periods and regions. However, the current knowledge correlation of ancient books still faces barriers such as the difficulty of knowledge element processing, high technical requirements and the lack of integrated platforms in its implementation. Limited by the research conditions, this paper only discusses the research and application, key links and barriers of ancient books' knowledge correlation from a theoretical point of view. In the future work, we will take the opportunity of optimizing and upgrading our ancient books' knowledge platform, to further study the metadata description specification, text conversion and content mining of Chinese ancient books, data exchange and update mechanism among different platforms.

[Purpose/Significance] It is the requirement of the present times to build an independent knowledge system of evidence-based digital humanistic paradigm with Chinese characteristics. [Method/Process] Based on the World 3 theory developed by Popper, this study defines the essence of digital humanities research as representing, revealing and reproducing the structure of the objective knowledge world. Furthermore, based on the paradigm theory developed by Kuhn, this paper deeply discusses the basic theoretical elements of the independent knowledge system of the evidence-based digital humanities paradigm with Chinese characteristics. In this paper, the carding of the elements of evidence-based digital humanities theory is carried out from the perspective of the scientific community of digital humanities research. That is to say, the research that adheres to the evidence-based ideology and method of digital humanity is identified as the same research community, and it is believed that evidence-based digital humanities will build a relatively independent knowledge system in the future. [Results/Conclusions] This paper argues that the combination of the basic principles of Marxism and the excellent traditional Chinese culture is the ideological basis of the independent knowledge system of evidence-based digital humanities with Chinese characteristics. The collective memory of the Chinese nation with a long history and its carrier constitute the cultural basis of the independent knowledge system. The rich ancient literature works have laid a solid literature foundation for the formation of the independent knowledge system of evidence-based digital humanities with Chinese characteristics. Under the guidance of mutual evidence between literature and history, bibliography with distinctive Chinese academic characteristics has laid a solid methodological foundation for the evidence-based digital humanistic with Chinese characteristics. Under the context of digital intelligence era, building an evidence-based digital humanities independent knowledge system with Chinese characteristics will not only be benefitial to improving the cultural self-confidence of the Chinese people, but also have an obvious important significance in providing the world with a distinctive cultural heritage and cultural memory solutions. In the face of the massive traditional Chinese cultural resources, especially the precious cultural heritage including ancient literature works, it is not only timely but also imperative to apply emerging natural language processing, artificial intelligence, machine learning and related advanced technologies, to carry out in-depth digital humanities research. The theoretical discussion conducted by this research is expected to benefit the construction of an evidence-based digital humanities independent knowledge system with Chinese characteristics.

[Purpose/Significance] Evidence acquisition is one of the most critical factors affecting evidence-based digital humanities research. The first-hand evidence contained in the ancient literature works is an important way to carry out digital humanities research, and thus, the purpose of this research is to shed light on the evidence-based digital humanities research process based on the empirical analysis of Bao's Zhan Guo Ce, which is one of the most influential books in Chinese history. [Method/Process] In the face of rich and diverse Chinese ancient literature works, it is of theoretical and practical value to build an independent knowledge system with Chinese characteristics based on the evidence-based paradigm of digital humanities. For this reason, the present research used the natural language processing (NLP) method to analyze Bao's Zhan Guo Ce in Jiayan Library, which is tailored for the NLP analysis of Chinese ancient literature works. By using co-word analysis, this research comprehensively discusses how digital humanities researchers carry out systematic research based on first-hand evidence from ancient literature via word frequency analysis, visualization of co-words, cluster analysis, centrality degree analysis, etc. Social network analysis (SNA), NetworkX algorithm and co-word visualization procedure are applied to give us insight into how to extract the first-hand evidence from ancient literature works. [Results/Conclusions] The key results include a procedure on how to extract first-hand evidence from ancient literature works like Bao's Zhan Guo Ce, in digital humanities research via Python. Specifically, the procedure includes basic word frequency indicators, a tool of removal of stop words, process of recognition and removal of ambiguous words. Furthermore, this study also takes Bao's Zhan Guo Ce as an example to show the basic procedure of analyzing first-hand evidence in digital humanities research by using a series of statistical analysis methods and indicators such as co-word network visualization, clustering coefficient, centrality degree, and structural hole recognition. The procedures, tools and methods demonstrated in this study are expected to provide reference for completing the evidence-based digital humanity research paradigm of first-hand evidence. Thus, the procedures, tools, statistical indicators and algorithm demonstrated in this research are expected to provide a foundation for building an independent knowledge system of evidence-based digital humanities with Chinese characteristics.

[Purpose/Significance] The research paradigm of digital humanities provides an opportunity for researchers to conduct evidence-based research based on second-hand resources. The second-hand evidence in the evidence-based digital humanities research mainly refers to the secondary evidence obtained by researchers through analysis of the original literature records. Academic papers are such an example of second-hand evidence and analysis of these papers enables us to be focused on the exploration, discussion and comprehension of the specific evidence. [Method/Process] This paper aims to shed light on the theoretical basis related to second-hand evidence based digital humanities research, and conduct an empirical analysis with Dunhuang wooden and bamboo slips of Han Dynasty. Through the coding analysis of 287 relevant research papers downloaded from the CNKI database, the reliability and validity of the research were tested, and a comprehensive analysis of the category system was conducted. On this basis, two independent coders systematically coded all academic papersby, and a coding system was formed with reliable reliability and validity. This coding system provided us a foundation to summarize the procedure of extracting the second-hand evidence from academic papers in the digital humanities research. [Results/Conclusions] This paper issued a three-stage and five- link procedure for second-hand evidence based digital humanity research. The "three stages" refer to the systematical literature retrieval, category formulation and comprehensive analysis of the second-hand evidence elements and the five links include evidence retrieval, reliability test, validity test, category construction and evidence element synthesis. The procedure developed by this research is expected to shed light on the knowledge organization of ancient literature works and lay a foundation for the digital humanities research based on the secondary resources like academic papers. Thus, based on the above procedure, the researchers in the digital humanities area are able to extract fruitful second-hand evidence from secondary resources (academic papers, for example) instead of acquiring initial evidence. This procedure may benefit the evidence-based digital humanity research because it is always a challenging task for individual researcher to access the initial research material like Dunhang wooden and bamboo slips of Han Dynasty. In summary, the paradigm constructed in this study has certain theoretical reference and practical guidance value for the construction of evidence-based digital humanities subject, and academic and discourse system. Thus, it is expected to benefit the construction of independent knowledge system of evidence-based digital humanities with Chinese characteristics.

[Purpose/Significance] Evidence-based approach has become an important research paradigm in such social research fields as management, education, economy, and law. In the research of digital humanities, how to obtain and process evidence from the original literature in order to effectively solve research problems is an important research topic. [Method/Process] This paper took the hierarchical social cognition theory as the theoretical basis for the evidence integration process of digital humanities research. From this perspective, the present research uses the theory of ecosystem for reference to integrate levels of evidence, the forms of evidence, evidences' carrier, information organization and the difference ways in which digital humanities researchers analyze the evidence as the same framework to shed light on the whole landscape of evidence-based digital humanities research. Furthermore, this study summarized the key value of evidence-based digital humanities research as to improve the validity of the evidence based on the research design theory and cognition theory. Due to the academic tradition of mutual verification between literature and history in digital humanities research, this paper also combined different evidence sources as different matrixes to integrate the evidence to demonstrate the specific evidence integration types of evidence-based digital humanities research. Based on the above research procedures, this paper also proposed a roadmap for future evidence-based digital humanities researchers to conduct more evidence synthesis related research from the perspective of integrating knowledge-based evidence and relational evidence. [Results/Conclusions] We put forward a hierarchical structure framework of the evidence-based digital humanities research ecosystem. Original evidence, initial processing evidence, secondary processing evidence, third processing evidence and the comprehensive evidence formulated five levels of this framework with a structure from the low level to the high level. Based on above theoretical framework, we concluded that coordination with validity and cognition as the theoretical motivation of the evidence integration in evidence-based digital humanities research. Systematic review and information organization are regarded as two instruments for evidence integration and the multiple mutual confirmation of various types of initial or secondary evidence is regarded as the practical tendency of evidence integration process in the evidence-based digital humanities research. Specifically, this research summarized two mutual confirmation evidence matrixes of the same evidence source and different evidence sources. The demonstration of evidence integration in evidence-based digital humanities research proposed in this paper is expected to benefit for building an independent knowledge system of evidence-based digital humanities with Chinese characteristics.

[Purpose/Significance] The paper introduces the progress of digital humanities research conducted by Chinese Academy of Agricultural Civilization on products in local chronicles, analyzes the existing problems and puts forward some countermeasures, to provide reference for agricultural history research from the perspective of digital humanities. [Method/Progress] This paper introduces the application of digital humanities in the collation and utilization of products in local chronicles from key links such as data resource construction, named entity recognition, big data analysis and visual presentation, and knowledge service platform construction. Problems existing in the application are analyzed and corresponding countermeasures are proposed to solve the problems. [Results/Conclusions] Firstly, data resources should be the core of digital humanities research on products in local chronicles, and the construction of digital humanities infrastructure should be accelerated. Secondly, it is necessary to strengthen the practical applications of digital humanities technologies with the support of technical methods. Finally, research results of digital humanities should be verified by agricultural history experts.

[Purpose/Significance] With the deepening of digital humanistic research on ancient books, the requirement for fine-grained classification based on text content is increasing continuously, and reasonable classification has become the key to the research and effective utilization of digital ancient books.[Method/Process] The research uses the concept of faceted classification, takes the text data of ancient books and related dictionary of ancient books as the research object, and combines conceptual semantic information to organize and describe the features of the content of ancient books. [Results/Conclusions] The classification system constructed in this paper breaks through the limitation of the number, genre and type of ancient books. The research selects five dimensions of politics, economy, culture, society and military to organize and reveal the contents of ancient books in an orderly manner, which is of great value to the in-depth development and utilization of digital resources of ancient books.

[Purpose/Significance] It is of great significance to carry out research on the recognition and classification of trigger verbs in ancient books oriented to digital humanities for the deep mining and content revealing of ancient texts. This paper uses the deep learning classification algorithm to explore an automated method for multivariate classification of event sentence text based on trigger words in ancient books. [Method/Process] Based on the construction of the classic event trigger word classification system and trigger dictionary, four different types of event sentence texts are selected as experimental data, and the category labels and sentence texts are coded separately using Onehot and Tokenizer, and then the classifier is trained in the Bi-LSTM model, and a comparative experiment is set by adjusting the parameters, and the performance of the classifier is analyzed by using a general evaluation index. [Results/Conclusions] The classifier after many training and adjustments has an accuracy of 0.95 in the evaluation of the test set, which proves that the experimental method based on deep learning and the constructed trigger word data set can effectively help us realize automatic multivariate classification of event sentence text of ancient books.

[Purpose/Significance] A large number of image resources in digital humanities have not been in effective use for a long time, and the phenomenon of "isolated image islands" is intensifying. The International Image Interoperability Framework (IIIF) opens a new window for more in-depth interactions with image applications. Image annotation is the key to breaking image islands and enhancing image recognition. [Method/Process] Based on IIIF framework, this paper proposes three dimensions of image annotation: image-level metadata injection, object-level content transcription, and semantic-level deep annotation connection. At the same time, the ontology management platform built in the paper provides ontology support for semantic annotation of image resources. [Results/Conclusions] This paper takes Night-Shining White, a monochrome ink-on-paper painting by Han Gan, as an example. In this case, the paper discusses the new interactive experience and research mode brought by the use of image annotation and IIIF technology in semantic enhancement of images, object tag clustering and precise associations of resources. It indicates that the combination of IIIF, linked data and artificial intelligence (AI) is bound to open a new era of digital humanities research.

[Objectives/Significances] Recently, Chinese colleges and research institutes have begun to use international image interactive framework to present Chinese calligraphies and paintings. But few knowledge discoveries are based on the historic inscriptions and colophons of Chinese calligraphies and paintings, also known as Tibas. Analyzing the historical trace of continuous inheritance via Tibas, we can not only browse China's history of calligraphies and paintings, but also delve into the individual cases, which are of significance of promotion of traditional research. [Methodology/Procedures] This paper proposes a memory chain model of calligraphies and paintings with the combination of IIIF-Immersing Interaction Platform (IIIF-IIP). We leverage the Tibas' annotations, seals, and historic figures, as well as external linked data repositories, in order to visualize the latent associations of calligraphies and paintings and analyze the important figures, network assortativity and contents of Tibas. [Results/Conclusions] The experimental results show the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed models, which can not only lay a foundation of the further research into Chinese calligraphies and paintings with more data, but also provide new clues and views in the related studies.

[Purpose/Significance] To effectively respond to various unexpected public crises in modern society, we need to adhere to the basic concept of a community of shared future and achieve collaborative governance. Since the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) erupted around the world, various disciplines such as the emerging discipline of digital humanities have actively responded which caused positive impact and gain effective experience. [Method/Process] This article takes the content research method as the main research method, systematically investigates the frontier trends of digital humanities in responding to COVID-19, and selects 12 representative digital humanities projects at home and abroad for analysis. Taking information space theory as the theoretical basis, it analyzes from the three dimensions of coding, abstraction and diffusion. [Results/Conclusions] The results show that the positive role of digital humanities can play in unexpected public crises includes raising awareness of all levels of society of the importance of public crisis data and taking active actions, promoting wider public dissemination of public crisis information to achieve public education, and promoting the production and dissemination of new knowledge in various subject areas.

[Purpose/Significance] The application of digital humanities and geographic information system can directly illustrate the geographical distribution characteristics of female writers in Ming and Qing dynasties, and provide quantitative references for the analysis of formation of such geographical distribution. [Method/Process] This paper analyzes the related information of female writers in Songjiang prefecture in the Ming Qing Women's Writings Database, including their dynasties, backgrounds, marital status, and works. Based on the geographical information system technologies, a visualization map for the geographical distribution of female writers in Songjiang prefecture during Ming and Qing dynasties is displayed. The correlation analysis is used to explore the influences of social economy and education on the geographical distribution of female writers from a spatial horizon. [Results/Conclusions] During Ming and Qing dynasties, there were 139 female writers in Songjiang prefecture. 77.7% of them were distributed in the central counties (such as Huating County, Lou County and Shanghai County), while 22.3% were distributed in other marginal counties. Additionally, the number of female writers in each county is significantly correlated with distinguished families and schools, but not with the farmland tax and the number of cotton industry towns in each county.

[Purpose/Significance] To follow the trends of global digital humanities practice, advance the in-depth fusion of multi-sources, multi-forms, and multi-lingual knowledge in Tibetan Studies, and promote the modernization of Tibetan Studies in China. [Method/Process] Based on concepts and methods of digital humanities, the mechanism and approaches of multilingual knowledge fusion in Tibetan Studies are analyzed in this paper. Based on the top-level ontology framework of digital humanities (DHTO), a knowledge ontology framework in Tibetan Studies is constructed. Experiments on the fusion and retrieval of Tibetan, Chinese and English trilingual knowledge instances were carried out. [Results/Conclusions] The top-level ontology framework of digital humanities (DHTO) consists of 6 types of entities: time, location, organizations, individuals, things, and events. Knowledge ontology in Tibetan Studies can be expanded layer by layer based on the DHTO framework and the cross-language semantic connection can be achieved by multilingual equivalent name properties.

[Purpose/Significance] The paper points out that "building the ecosystem" and "driven by demand" are two keywords for academic libraries to meet the digital scholarship needs of humanities scholars and build digital humanities services. Both of these require us to understand the strategic issues of digital humanities services for academic libraries from the macro perspective, and then explore the feasible path to construct a digital academic ecology from the macro and academic level. [Method/Process] Based on the early accumulation of the subject group and related cases, this paper discusses the necessity and possibility of constructing the ecosystem of digital humanities. [Results/Conclusions] The main conclusions include: (1) emphasizing the respect for objective realities, and regarding the construction of " ecosystem of digital humanities " as the primary goal; (2) clearing up the different types of digital academic needs of humanities scholars and carrying out the type study of academic libraries according to their needs; (3) academic libraries can be divided into leading academic libraries, academic libraries that play a supporting role and those at a basic level, and we should promote different types of academic libraries to perform their duties in the digital academic ecology, to meet different needs of humanities scholars, and to construct the ecosystem of digital humanities.

[Purpose/Significance] In the current digital era, it is an important task for academic libraries to establish the security systems of digital academic resources. In China, academic libraries that play a supporting role are an important force in constructing such security systems. They play a supporting role in the middle level of the whole security system. [Method/Process] The author investigated libraries of "Project 211" universities by literature review to study the acquisition cost of information resources, information resources service modes and the construction of digital resources. Then the author summarized the characteristics and put forward promotion strategies. [Results/Conclusions] The total acquisition cost of information resources of academic libraries that play a supporting role has kept risen steadily and slightly. The acquisition cost of electronic resources has risen sharply, while that of paper resources has been decreasing. These libraries are able to provide basic information resources, but their service modes need to be expanded. In the development of digital humanities collection resources, they need to apply key technologies and use the humanistic ideas. The paper puts forward that these academic libraries can improve themselves from five aspects: formulating policies, developing related technologies, constructing related resources, developing related services, and carrying out cooperation.

[Purpose/Significance] During the ecological construction of digital humanities, leading academic libraries are shouldering the important task of leading the development of academic libraries and it is an inevitable trend for them to include the digital academic strategy into the consideration of their strategic planning. [Method/Process] This paper analyzes the representative strategic planning texts and investigates the development of several representative digital humanities centers by using content analysis, the Internet survey and case analysis methods. [Results/Conclusions] In this paper, the development of leading academic libraries under the digital humanistic ecology is summarized into four characteristics: systematization, tridimensional, scale and openness. The authors suggest that academic libraries should take demand inspection as the key basis for digital humanities strategic planning, "open system" as the primary goal of digital humanities strategic planning, and key projects as the starting point for digital humanities strategic planning.

[Purpose/Significance] Basic academic libraries play an important role in popularizing and promoting digital humanities (DH) in the whole ecosystem. The analysis of their development space is helpful to the construction and development of the digital humanistic ecosystem. [Method/Process] A semi-structured interview was conducted with 13 humanities scholars and 4 library managers to find out their awareness, understanding and demand of DH and their views on the position of basic academic libraries in the digital humanistic ecosystem. On this basis, this paper probes into the current situation and development strategies of DH in basic academic libraries. [Results/Conclusions] The development of DH in basic academic libraries has received less attention and does not match the huge demand for DH due to the shortage of funds, resources and technologies, the access of digital human resources is basically dependent on external open channels, and the digital and human foundations of digital human development are weak. In these cases, this paper puts forward three development strategies: strengthening the cooperation among basic academic libraries, strengthening the construction of quality cultivation systems of DH, and winning the support of the state and relevant institutions for DH services.

Research on the Digital Humanities education practice and library support service of Stanford University, a world famous university, can provide relevant references for the universities and their libraries in China. Through literature and network research and analysis, it is concluded that there are three forms of Digital Humanities Curriculum Education in Stanford University: joint specialty, minor courses and certification courses. The project practice is emphasized, which provides an opportunity for Stanford University Library to participate in Digital Humanities education. It actively participates in Digital Humanities Education by means of embedding curriculum teaching, setting up research centers and providing technical support. It enlightens us that Digital Humanities Education in Colleges and universities in China should enrich teaching forms, set up the feedback mechanism, and give full play role to the service and support of their libraries, so as to actively promote the development of Digital Humanities Education Practice in China.