[Purpose/Significance] This study aims to analyze the relationship between open science and intellectual property rights (IPRs) and systematically sort out the main intellectual property problems in open science, so as to provide reference for further promoting the formulation of intellectual property laws and policies in open science. [Methods/Process] This paper mainly adopts the methods of literature review and bibliometric analysis. Based on the analysis of the related work on open science and IPRs, we explore the relationship between them and identify the main intellectual property problems and coping strategies in open science. [Results/Conclusions] Conflicts exist between open science and IPRs, but the conflicts are not unavoidable. Both sides should get involved in forming a positive interaction atmosphere, and establish the IPR system which can be adapted to open science. Currently, the major problems of IPRs in open science are focused on copyrights and patent rights. Meanwhile, hotspot issues include how to ensure a scientist is given preference if he or she is the first to make scientific discoveries and how to protect data owners' rights.

[Purpose/Significance] It has become a new direction for subject service of university libraries to provide the whole process service for the creation, application, protection and management of intellectual property rights (IPRs), support the collaborative innovation and construction of advantageous disciplines in universities, and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in universities. Through the investigation and analysis of the information service status of IPR information centers in 23 universities in China, this paper summarizes the experience and lessons, and provides guidance for the patent information service of university libraries. [Method/Process] By using the methods of network survey, interview and literature research, this paper investigates patent information services and the construction of information service platforms in university libraries, and puts forward strategies and suggestions for patent information services. [Results/Conclusions] The enlightenment and suggestions: (1) Encourage more university libraries to set up IPR information service centers; (2) expand patent information service content and service object; (3) strengthen the construction of service norms and standards; (4) enhance the construction of talent team; (5) reinforce the construction and organization of patent information resources; (6) build a patent information service platform with stronger functions.

[Purpose/Significance] This paper aims to discuss how to build China into a country that is strong on intellectual property rights (IPR), mainly from the aspects of building IPR information platforms, improving the measures in colleges and universities, for cultivating interdisciplinary IPR professionals completing overseas IPR protection policies, enhancing the governance capacity of IPR chain, focusing on high-quality creation of IPRs, and linking IPR public services and market services. [Method/Process] We interviewed a number of experts in the IPR field and invited them to make suggestions for building a country strong on IPRs. The interview topics mainly focus on the key points to build China into a strong country through intellectual property, such as IPR informatization, cultivating IPR professionals, legal guarantee for IPRs, data empowerment to IPRs, and IPRs' strategy and services. [Results/Conclusions] The construction of a strong country on IPRs requires multi-stakeholders' contribution. Firstly, stakeholders are supposed to build a one-stop IPR service platform, so as to improve their service capacity. Secondly, it is important to concentrate on the social needs and cultivate interdisciplinary IPR professionals to meet the needs. Thirdly, it is necessary to pay attention to the overseas IPR business and disputes, so the enterprises are able to improve their IPR layout and risk response capabilities. Fourthly, it is vital to improve the IPR governance ability guided by data empowering the high-quality development of IPRs. Fifthly, suggestions are put forward for implementing the strategy of high-quality development of IPRs in national policies, and leading innovative subjects to enhance IPR ability with strategic thinking of sustainable development. Last but not least, our country should vigorously promote the establishment of various IPR public service institutions at all levels to improve the coverage of IPR services.

[Purpose/Significance] The paper analyzes systematically the status of research and development (R&D) of RV reducers which are the core of robot technologies, sorts out the context of technological development, and looks into the current situation and shortcomings of technological innovation in this field in China. [Method/Process] Using the method of benchmarking on the present situation and development trend of RV reducers of robot technologies in China and Japan, the paper focused on the patent technology analysis of RV reducers including the patent competitors, the layout of patent technology R&D, high-value patents, and the legal status of patent applications. [Results/Conclusions] Although the R&D of RV reducer technologies in China is developing rapidly, China is inferior to Japan in both quantity and quality. In the technological field, the core technology is not yet mastered and the processing accuracy is difficult to surpass Japan, so it is necessary to increase R&D investment and develop RV reducers which can be suitable for local production in China.

[Purpose/Significance] As an important country along the "One Belt and One Road" routes, Singapore is an important trading partner of China. By comparing and analyzing the valid invention patents of China and Singapore in each other's country, we can discover the technology competition and cooperation situation between China and Singapore, which provides reference for the relevant patentees of the two countries to carry out technological cooperation. [Method/Process] We adopt the method of comparative analysis to explain the technological structure and industrial advantages of China and Singapore in each other's countries, and explore the overall situation of technological competition and cooperation between the two countries. The citation analysis method is used to analyze the citing coupling relationships between Singapore's patents in China and Chinese patents, exploring the competition and cooperation relationships between the two countries in specific technologies in the Chinese market. [Results/Conclusions] Through comparative analysis, it is found that the distribution of patents between China and Singapore in each other's countries is closely related to the relationship between the two countries and the development of domestic industries. The two countries have highly overlapping patent technologies in each other's market layout, which presents strong technical competition on the whole. Through the exploration of the patent citation coupling relationships between China and Singapore, it is found that competition and cooperation coexist in specific technologies.

[Purpose/Significance] Malaysia is an important member of "one belt, one road". A comparative analysis of patents on the national level brings macro-level scientific and technological information. It can provide reference for the strategy of building "one belt, one road" and formulating science and technology related policies. [Method/Process] Through IPC statistics and keyword extraction, this paper interprets the technical field distribution of mutual registered patents between Malaysia and China in each other's countries. Then it compares and analyzes the registration time line, the type of patentees and the source country of citations, and then analyzes the patent competition relationships between the two countries based on IPC co-occurrence network and patent citation types.[Results/Conclusions] The results show that China has significant advantages in the fields of information technology and chemical engineering, while Malaysia has rich experience in the development of palm, rubber products and other animal and plant products; More types of Malaysian patentees are engaged in patent registering in China; Malaysia is technically dependent on China; Malaysia is competitive in the following fields: animal and plant product research and development, pharmaceutical manufacturing, general/special equipment manufacturing, electrical machinery manufacturing, environmental management, information transmission and software.

[Purpose/Significance] Through descriptive statistics of measurement indicators, this paper reveals the trend of India's scientific and technological innovation in the Chinese market, finds the possible opportunities for innovation cooperation between China and India, and puts forward relevant suggestions for strengthening the technological exchanges between China and India. [Method/Process] Patent information is an important source for research and innovation activities and scientific and technological information analysis. By taking Indian invention patents registered in China as the research object, the overall situation and the patent citations of Category A were analyzed. [Results/Conclusions] In an age of global value chain, innovation cooperation opportunities exist in every link in the chain of complementary cooperation mechanism between the nodes. Based on the above analysis results, this paper finds a series of innovation chains of mutually connected and complementary cooperative innovation opportunities between China and India, hoping to give suggestions on how to promote China-India technological exchange and cooperation in specific industries and provide data support for China-India scientific and technological cooperation.

[Purpose/Significance] Intellectual property cooperation has become an important part of the construction of "One Belt, One Road". Understanding the patent layout and competition and cooperation status between China and countries along the One Belt and One Road routes can provide some reference for technological cooperation between governments and enterprises and for scientific research and innovation institutions to determine R&D directions. [Method/Process] Based on the comparative analysis, using the data of mutual registration of invention patents, joint invention and joint patent applications between China and Poland, this paper depicts patent competition, including the patent timing, technology patterns, patentee layout and the present situation of patent cooperation between China and Poland.[Results/Conclusions] The patent layout of China and Poland is quite different, and the technological advantages of the two countries are different; there is a small-scale patent cooperation between China and Poland, and the competition situation is relatively moderate; the possibility for further patent cooperation between China and Poland exists.

[Purpose/Significance] The research and application of patent citation data analysis are very extensive, which has important significance to understand the industry evolution and find opportunities for emerging technologies. The research is based on an in-depth understanding of factors such as citation motivation and actual function. [Method/Process] From the subject research perspective, this paper used the highly cited patents in the 5G communication engineering from the patent database (Derwent Innovations Index, DII), as the object, and downloaded the patent datasets of the citations of the patent examiners and the patent applicants. We revealed the attribute characteristics of two types of citations and the hidden value through the comparative analysis of the different citation datasets and observed the certain similarities and differences in two types of citations datasets in the publishing time, quotation of references, and the concentration field of technologies through social network analysis. [Results/Conclusions] The empirical conclusion shows that the examiner dataset tends to cite mature patents published earlier, and the examiner dataset has a higher concentration in both citation type and IPC. The analysis shows that most patents in the 5G field tend to apply the international applications, and the United States, China, and Europe are the important areas for the deployment of 5G technologies. The patentees or institutions of the applicant dataset are mostly small and medium-sized companies or research institutes engaged in the communication industry, while the citation examiners are relatively concentrated in large, established multinational communication equipment companies. Besides, examiners are more likely to refer to patents with a higher number of partners. In terms of the patent technology content, the applicant citations focus on the research and development of communication equipment and devices, as well as the research of communication protocols and technical methods, while the examiner citations focus on the technical research of communication methods and transmission.

[Purpose/Significance] The overall planning and targeted patent information services provided by university libraries play an important role in promoting the management efficiency of national scientific and technological innovation. [Method/Process] By summarizing the mode and process of patent output in universities, this study constructed the model of academic patent supply chain, discussing the information service strategies oriented to university patent supply chain. [Results/Conclusions] The results show that technological trend analysis plays a significant role in improving patent conversion rate. When patent maintenance time is long, patent licensing rate or the average profit value of patent conversion is reduced, scientific evaluation has an effect on improving the quality of patent conversion. When the user's patent awareness or technology acceptance ratio coefficient is contrary to the changing trend of the number of patent applications or conversion, policy feedback measures should be taken to maintain patent quality. Based on the above conclusions, this study puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of expanding the service system, strengthening the data ability and increase exports.

[Purpose/Significance] Using the dynamic characteristics of patents to identify their potential for technology transfer will help universities and research institutes to carry out patent grading management and operation, and promote the industrialization of patented technologies. [Method/Process] Patent characteristics present dynamic evolution in its life cycle. Based on the dynamic patent citation network, this article constructs a dynamic and static patent technology transfer potential evaluation index system from the perspective of dynamic development; takes the dynamic characteristics of the transferred or licensed patent as the learning object and adopts the decision tree method to establish technology transfer prediction model and conducts an empirical model test. [Results/Conclusions] The influence of patents in the citation network has a greater role in its transfer and conversion potential. The empirical test of the transfer prediction model based on decision trees has a high predictive effect. By monitoring the dynamic characteristics of patents, the model is used to evaluate the transfer and conversion potential in a timely manner and screen out patents that are easy to transfer or license to carry out targeted industrialization operation.

[Purpose/Significance] In order to analyze the current situation of international cooperation and technology exchange in the field of artificial intelligence(AI), this study is carried out to provide references for China to take the lead in the layout of the artificial intelligence industry.[Method/Process]In this paper, the patents in the field of AI are taken as the research object, and the technology combination analysis method and social network analysis method are used to systematically analyze the patents. The characteristics of international cooperation in the field of AI are analyzed from three aspects: technology combination, cooperation network and cooperation influence.[Results/Conclusions]It is found that countries and regions all over the world are planning their business in AI subfields and applications, and have very similar technology distribution; there are close cooperation clusters among the countries participating in international cooperation; the comprehensive influence research of three dimensions shows that 66 international cooperation countries have formed six main cooperation types: strong, stable, marginal, conservative, monopoly and weak cooperation. At the end of this paper, some suggestions are put forward for China to enhance its international influence and accelerate the layout of AI.

[Purpose / Significance] Through the comprehensive and scientific analysis of the patent data of colleges and universities and the literature on the level of patent competitiveness. We will be in a better position to judge the research capability of colleges and universities, and in the meanwhile our analysis has a certain reference value for the development of science and technology of the country. [Method / Process] From the four dimensions of patent quantity, patent value, maintenance ability and R & D potential, a patent data fusion evaluation system of 14 indicators was established, and 25 representative universities in Southeast five provinces (Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangsu) were analyzed and evaluated by using the evaluation system. [Results / Conclusions] According to the evaluation system, the patent competitiveness was divided into three echelons. The first echelon was composed of eight universities: Zhejiang University, Southeast University, South China University of Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Nanjing University, Suzhou University, Zhejiang University of Technology and Jinan University. The second echelon was composed of South China Agricultural University, Xiamen University, Nanjing University of Technology, Fuzhou University and South China Normal University, Ningbo University and Nanjing Agricultural University; the rest are the third echelon. The ranking of patent competitiveness of colleges and universities is not completely consistent with that of Wushu list. Some lower-ranking colleges and universities on Wushu list have higher patent competitiveness than those higher-ranking ones. The patent competitiveness of colleges and universities is impacted by their cultural and scientific focus, and not completely related to their comprehensive strength. At the same time, the patent competitiveness is also closely related to the economic strength of the region where colleges and universities are located. For example, of colleges and universities in Jiangsu and Zhejiang are obviously more competitive in patent competitivenesss than those in other regions. However, colleges and universities in Guangdong have slightly insufficient patents patents, while colleges and universities in Jiangsu are not weak in four dimensions. Although colleges and universities in Zhejiang have a large number of patents, the value and maintenance capacity of their patents are still insufficient.

[Purpose / Significance] Under the background of the construction of the national intellectual property power, the innovation and development of enterprises are in urgent need of the support of patent information services, and how to access information resources is the widespread problem among the small and medium-sized enterprises. Public libraries provide patent information services for small and medium-sized enterprises, which can help them improve the efficiency of innovations and quality. [Method / Process] Through literature research, the current situation of patent information demand for small and medium-sized enterprises and patent information service carried out by public libraries at home and abroad are studied, and the advantages and strategies of public libraries to carry out patent information services are discussed. [Results / Conclusions] Based on the practical experience of patent information services carried by Shenzhen Science and Technology Library to small and medium-sized enterprises, this paper discusses the sustainable development direction of the public libraries in providing patent information services for small and medium-sized enterprises.

[Purpose / Significance] In order to deeply utilize fishery patent literature in "fishery knowledge service system", we construct a specialized taxonomy for the information organization and test it as an indexing tool in the system. [Method / Process] First, 10, 323 metadata of Chinese fishery patents are selected and analyzed in terms of 4-digit and 6-digit IPC numbers frequency. Based on the results, 12 IPC classification codes are chosen as categories in fishery patent literature classification. Then, based on the analysis of patent titles, it is proposed that a patent title consists of three kinds of phrases: those of industry attributes, of business types, and of invention types, among which phrases of business types are the most applicable for classifying and indexing patent literature. In addition, the subject terms and the ending parts of subject terms are analyzed and the high-frequency subject terms and words of each business type are ranked. Last, the strategy of indexing fishery patent literature by using IPC classification numbers and high frequency subject terms is put forward, and as a result, most of the fishery patent literature is classified properly with the assistance of computers. [Results / Conclusions] Giving that the total accuracy rate of machine indexing is 91.44%, and the missing rate is 7.94%, with the comparison between the manually classified and machine classified sampling data of patent literature in 2016, it is concluded that the goal of this study is achieved. The research shows that the classification system constructed from fishery patent literature is practical and the indexing strategy has a high application value.

The library and information science has long been dedicated to designing tools for organizing and managing large amounts of knowledge information. These tools are often referred to as "Knowledge Organization System" (KOS) or "controlled structured vocabularies". Due to the long-term independent development of multiple community and business standard, a variety of different knowledge organization systems have emerged, such as subject heading systems, thesaurus, taxonomies. The thesaurus has the relations like "U", "UF", "BT", "NT"and "CT", which is organized as a network in storage. And This paper develops a method to store thesaurus in a knowledge graph structure, which also has a good effect in the data reasoning. In this paper, the main research was based on the 1990"Mechanical Engineering Thesauri" - Second Edition. By using data cleaning techniques, this paper reconstructed the traditional knowledge organization system "Mechanical Engineering Thesaurus" data into a SKOS knowledge ontology structure. By using data storage techniques, this paper stored the SKOS knowledge ontology structure in Graph database Neo4j. These knowledge organization systems make it possible to effectively organize and manage large amounts of information data.

The researchers collaboration network not only indicates the features and schema of technological innovation, but also reflects the technology development trend. It is quite meaningful and useful for the policy-makers to draw up development strategies. Based on the technology life cycle theory, this paper uses complex network analysis methods to study the topology features and the evolution of collaboration network in different phases. A dataset from the electronic whiteboard patents is used to demonstrate the analysis. The result shows that the researchers' collaboration behaviors is strongly related to the technology development. It means that the collaboration networks of different phases have different topology features, whose evolution may lead to the technology changes.

To understand the application of non-patent citations in science-technical associations, and to provide reference and reference for subsequent research, this paper sorts out the scientific literature on non-patent citations at home and abroad, and the origins of non-patent citations and non-patent citations are summarized and analyzed.Non-patent citations mainly focus on the scientific-technical relationship between different countries and different fields. The research methods are mainly the general quantitative index method and the improvement of some indicators. and use the subject theme-technical topic mapping method to study science-technology associations.