The national distribution, university distribution and subject distribution, as well as the scientific cooperation of highly cited researchers in 2016 based on Clarivate Analytics were analyzed through bibliometric methods. The results showed that Chinese leading scientists, discipline construction and scientific level had made huge progress, but was still in a weak position for most of the subjects except engineering, material and chemistry compared with America. China should continue to accelerate the construction of first-class universities, first-class disciplines and first-class scientists to narrow the gap with America.